10.What is hydrogen bonding? 11.How do colligative properties affect freezing point? 12.What hybrid orbitals would be...

10.What is hydrogen bonding?

11.How do colligative properties affect freezing point?

12.What hybrid orbitals would be in CH₄?

Expert Solution

10. Hydrogen Bonding:

This is a non bonding interactions between H-atom when bonded to highly negative atom like, O, N or F and another elctronegative atom. For example, water, H2O exhibits tremenedous hydrogen bonding, which makes it a liquid at normal temperature. H-O-H----H-O-H---H-O-H, actually it extends to threedimentional space. Hydrogen bonding can change the property of any molecule drastically. For examplr H2S though having higher molar mass but it is a gas at STP because there is no hydrogen bonding but H2O though a smaller and less molar mass is a liquid through hydrogen bonding. Another example, H-F----H-F---H-F etc.

11. There will be a depression in freeing point when solutes add to the solvent. It depends on the molality of the solute. delta Tf = delta Tf (solvent) - Tf(solution) =Kf.m where, Kf = freeing point depression constant. m=molality.

12. In CH4, C is sp3 hybridized, tetrahedral in geometry and H has S orbital. 4S orbitals of H overlap with four sp3 orbitals of C to produce CH4, a tetrahedral compound.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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