In: Chemistry
What is the goal of modern oil refining? What are the major processes?
Goal modern oil refinery is to work towards Zero wastage of oil as well as energy.
Oil Refining is converting heavy crude oil into lighter gaseous products, gasoline, diesel, ATF, etc. and heaviest product will be asphalt. modern oil refineries or working towards extracting lighter products (high value products) from heavier products (low value products) of refining process. and therby increase the efficiency of whole plant.
Major processes of Oil refining are
Crude distillation Unit (CDU)
Vaccum distillation Unit (VDU)
Catalytic reforming unit
Isomerizing unit
Visbreaker unit
Hydrocracker unit
Fluid Catalytic cracking unit (FCC)
these all are a kind of distillation process there are few process before and after distillation such as Desalter unit, Desulfuization Unit.
Crude oil is distilled into lighter hydrocarbons of different chain length. List of products of Oil refining are
Liquified petroleum gas (LPG)
Gasoline
Naphtha
Kerosene and jet aircraft fuels(ATF)
Diesel fuel
Fuel oils
Lubricating oils
Paraffin wax
Asphalt and tar
Petroleum coke