Question

Sampling is the process of selecting a representative subset of observations from a population to determine characteristics (i.e. the population parameters) of the random variable under study. Probability sampling includes all selection methods where the observations to be included in a sample have been selected on a purely random basis from the population. Briefly explain FIVE (5) types of probability sampling.

Answer 1

There are 5 types of probability sampling

(1) Random sampling-

It is a method in which a sample is selected randomly from population. Numbers are assigned to individuals and then any numbers from them are chosen for the sampling through an automated process. Sample can be chosen either by a simple lottery method with help of the software of generating numbers. This method is useful in a large population where classification and categorization are difficult.

(2) - Stratified random sampling-

In this type of sampling method, the larger part of population is divided into smaller groups, that can represent the whole population and don't overlap. The groups are organized and a sample is drawn from each group for the sampling process. The groups can be based on location, age, sex, etc. The individuals in the group carry distinctive traits so that all the members of the group can get an opportunity to be selected for sampling.

(3) - Cluster random sampling-

in this sampling method , the participants are selected in random way from an area with a boundary when they are geographically spread out. This method works where the sample as particular elements which can be common for a cluster of the population like city, university or family etc. Based on these elements the clusters are divided into smaller sections.

(4)- Systematic sampling-

systematic sampling is used when the individual is selected for sampling in a sequence like the third of the group or the seventh of the group etc. Each member is given an equal Chance to be selected . Every 'nth' person is chosen to be included in the sample.

(5)+ Multi-stage sampling-

In this type of sampling method, 2 or more of the above given methods are mixed. When just one method does not give results based on randomization, then sampling requires to be done with more methods.

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