In general, the index of refraction may vary with depth; this can be treated by considering...

In general, the index of refraction may vary with depth; this can be treated by considering the medium as a sequence of thin layers. a) Starting from Snell’s law obtain a relation between dθ/dz and dn/dz . [Hint: Choose a thin layer going from z to z dz + and write n andθ in terms of z and z dz + , then apply Snell’s law to either side of the layer. ] b) Apply this result to an electromagnetic wave passing from air into the ionosphere where the electron density gradually increases from zero. Under what conditions will a wave with angle of incidence θ_1 be reflected back?

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genius_generous answered 1 year ago

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