Question

Question three

1. Describe the term simulation
2. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of simulation techniques
3. Solve the following transportation problem using any suitable method. The cell entries are unit costs

		D1       D2        D3       D4					D5	available
	O1		68	35	4	74	15	18
	O2		57	88	91	3	8	17
	O3		91	60	75	45	60	19
	O4		52	53	24	7	82	13
	O5		51	18	82	13	7	15

                        Required                     16        18            20         14          14

Answer 1

(A) SIMULATION DEFINITION::-

A simulation is an approximate imitation of the operation of a process or system that represents its operation over time

Simulation is used in many contexts, such as simulation of technology for performance tuning or optimizing, safety engineering, testing, training, education, and video games. Often, computer experiments are used to study simulation models. Simulation is also used with scientific modelling of natural systems or human systems to gain insight into their functioning, as in economics

TYPE of SIMULATION
(1.) Discrete Event Simulation
(2.) Continuous simulation
(3.) Stochastic simulation
(4.) Deterministic simulation

(B). ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGE OF SIMULATION TECHNIQUES ::-

Advantages:

(1) It can avoid danger and loss of life.
(2) Conditions can be varied and outcomes investigated.
(3) Critical situations can be investigated without risk.
(4) It is cost effective.
(5) Simulations can be sped up so behaviour can be studied easily over a long period of time.
(6) Simulations can be slowed down to study behaviour more closely.

Disadvantages:-

(1). It can be expensive to measure how one thing affects another, to take the initial measurements and to create the model itself .

(2). To simulate something, a thorough understanding is needed and an awareness of all the factors involved. Without this, a simulation cannot be created.