Question

5). How can the sympathetic division cause smooth muscle to relax in some organs but cause smooth muscle to contract in other organs?

6). Nociceptors are tonic rather than phasic receptors. Speculate on why this is beneficial to homeostasis in humans.

7). How does the function of the semicircular canals differ from the function of the saccule & utricle of the vestibule?

8). Describe an advantage & a disadvantage for cone cell vision. Describe an advantage & a disadvantage for rod cell vision.

Answer 1

5.) The deciding factor whether it is stimulatory or inhibitory function depends on the type of receptor located on the target organ.The stimulation of alpha adrenergic receptors consistently causes constriction of smooth muscles . Activation of beta adrenergic receptors stimulate the relaxation of smooth muscles

6) Nociceptors are responsible for processing pain and temperature changes, Phasic receptors adapt rapidly and inform, the response of the cell diminishes very quickly and then stops on the other hand tonic receptor is a sensory receptor that adapts slowly to a stimulus and continues to produce action potentials over the duration of the stimulus, so it is beneficial that they create steady signals to benefit homeostasis.

7) The semicircular canals, which respond to rotational movements (angular acceleration); and the utricle and saccule within the vestibule, respond to changes in the position of the head with respect to gravity (linear acceleration).

8) Rods cell vision is very helpfull in low light condition, but they are not helpfull in color vision and have slow response

Cone cell vision is very helpfull color vision and bright light condition and have fast response, but are nothelpfull in dark conditions.