Question

• What is machine language and how does it process input written in different scripting languages? How user input is converted to output (give a detailed example)
• CPU
• ALU
• BIOS
• GPU
• Volatile and Non-Volatile memory
• What is the role of the OS?

Answer 1

MACHINE LANGUAGE : A programming language used by the computer in the form of 0 (zero) or 1 (one) as binary numbers to develop a program is called Machine Language. It is also known as Binary Language and First Generation computer programming Language. The need of translator is not in this Language because it is computer own language.

Machine Language is platform dependent because it differ in operating systems and processors. For example, Program written in machine language in one computer that having Windows operating System can not be work in another computer that has DOS operating system. Each Operating System has its own compilation method to convert a programming language in to Machine Language. Program execution speed of Machine Language is faster than other programming Languages.

Computer programs are written in different scripting Languages like Java Script, Python etc. But, Computer can only understand the Machine Language. So, we need to convert this program code (source Code) in to Machine Language (machine code) using an interpreter. When the Scripting Language codes are run, it automatically interpreted to machine code and produce an output of the Program. No need of compilation step.

SOURCE CODE OF SCRIPTING LANGUAGE   INTERPRETER (Machine Code)   OUTPUT  

If the user input is given in the form of Text , the computer converted it into binary code or machine code using ASCII ( American Standard Code for Information Interchange) values. For example, the text ' HELLO ' to machine code as below

CHARACTERS	H	E	L	L	O
ASCII VALUES	072	069	076	076	79
BINARY CODE	01001000	01000101	01001100	01001100	01001111