Question

Direct Materials, Direct Labor, and Factory Overhead Cost Variance Analysis

Mackinaw Inc. processes a base chemical into plastic. Standard costs and actual costs for direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead incurred for the manufacture of 70,000 units of product were as follows:

	Standard Costs		Actual Costs
Direct materials	217,000 lbs. at $5.20		214,800 lbs. at $5.10
Direct labor	17,500 hrs. at $16.70		17,900 hrs. at $16.90
Factory overhead	Rates per direct labor hr.,
	based on 100% of normal
	capacity of 18,260 direct
	labor hrs.:
		Variable cost, $4.30	$74,500 variable cost
		Fixed cost, $6.80	$124,168 fixed cost

Each unit requires 0.25 hour of direct labor.

Required:

a. Determine the direct materials price variance, direct materials quantity variance, and total direct materials cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

Direct Materials Price Variance
Direct Materials Quantity Variance
Total Direct Materials Cost Variance

b. Determine the direct labor rate variance, direct labor time variance, and total direct labor cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

Direct Labor Rate Variance
Direct Labor Time Variance
Total Direct Labor Cost Variance

c. Determine the variable factory overhead controllable variance, fixed factory overhead volume variance, and total factory overhead cost variance. Enter a favorable variance as a negative number using a minus sign and an unfavorable variance as a positive number.

Variable factory overhead controllable variance
Fixed factory overhead volume variance
Total factory overhead cost variance

Answer 1

a) Direct materials price variance= (Standard price-Actual price)*Actual quantity

= ($5.20-5.10)*214,800= $-21,480 F

Direct materials quantity variance= (Standard quantity-Actual quantity)*Standard price

= (217,000-214,800)*$5.20= $-11,440 F

Total direct materials cost variance= Direct materials price variance+Direct materials quantity variance

= $21,480+11,440= $-32,920 F

Direct materials price variance	$-21,480	Favorable
Direct materials quantity variance	$-11,440	Favorable
Total direct materials cost variance	$-32,920	Favorable

b) Direct labor rate variance= (Standard rate-Actual rate)*Actual hours

= ($16.70-16.90)*17,900= $3,580 U

Direct labor time variance= (Standard hours-Actual hours)*Standard rate

= (17,500-17,900)*$16.70= $6,680 U

Total direct labor cost variance= Direct labor rate variance+Direct materials efficiency variance

= $3,580+6,680= $10,260 U

Direct labor rate variance	$3,580	Unfavorable
Direct labor time variance	$6,680	Unfavorable
Total direct labor cost variance	$10,260	Unfavorable

c) Variable factory overhead controllable variance= Standard variable factory overhead-Actual variable factory overhead

= (70,000*0.25*$4.30-74,500)= $-750 F

Fixed factory overhead volume variance= (Standard hour for actual output-Budgeted hours)*Fixed cost

= (70,000*0.25-18,260)*$6.80= $5,168 U

Total factory overhead cost variance= Variable factory overhead controllable variance+Fixed factory overhead volume variance

= $-750+5,168= $4,418 U

Variable factory overhead controllable variance	$-750	Favorable
Fixed factory overhead volume variance	$5,168	Unfavorable
Total factory overhead cost variance	$4,418	Unfavorable

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