The net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose in the
reactions of glycolysis is...
The net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose in the
reactions of glycolysis is 2. What is the net gain of ATP molecules
per monosaccharide consumed in glycolysis for the following
sugars?
Compare the ATP yield of three glucose molecules that enter
glycolysis and are converted to pyruvate with that of three glucose
molecules that proceed through the pentose phosphate pathway such
that their carbon skeletons (as two F6P and one GAP) reenter
glycolysis and are metabolized to pyruvate. Indicate the steps
where ATP was used or produced and the overall ATP totals.
Compare the ATP yield of three glucose molecules that enter
glycolysis and are converted to pyruvate with that of three glucose
molecules that proceed through the pentose phosphate pathway such
that their carbon skeletons (as two F6P and one GAP) reenter
glycolysis and are metabolized to pyruvate. Indicate the steps
where ATP was used or produced and the overall ATP totals.
Compare how many ATP molecules can be maximally formed by the
breakdown of a glucose molecule in a cell lacking mitochondria, a
cell that has mitochondria with ion channels specific to protons in
its inner membrane, and a cell that has normal mitochondria.
Justifications for the calculations must be given and full
accounts of the calculations must be provided so that the number of
ATP molecules can be traced back to relevant reactions /
processes.
Why does the mitochondria produce more ATP than glycolysis for
each molecule of glucose broken down?
What charges the electrons in the photosystems (the source and
the conduit that moves it into the electrons)
The maximum yield of ATP per molecule of glucose in eukaryotic
cells is 36 or 38 ATP, depending on cell type and conditions. Why
is the calculated ATP yield referred to as "Maximal Theoretical
Yield" in eukaryotic and in prokaryotic cells?
What is the ATP yield from one molecule of glucose and how ATP
is generated at each process:
a. Glycolysis
b. Kreb's cycle
c. Electron Transport chain
Please specify if any ATP are removed from the total yield as a
result of these ATP being required to initialise the reaction
1.) In the first step of glycolysis, the cell SPENDS an ATP and
phosphorylates glucose as soon as it enters the cell. Why does the
cell do this? Give two reasons!
2.) Speculate on why glycolysis, which is the beginning point of
many catabolic pathways does not require oxygen.
Describe the fate of a single molecule of glucose as it goes
through glycolysis and exits the Krebs cycle. Include the inputs to
each reaction and all end products including all created energy
storage molecules.
5. Glycolysis
a. The hydroxyl group on the sixth carbon on a glucose molecule
is radiolabeled using O18. Please draw out the pathway showing
where this radiolabel is in each step of the pathway.
b. In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced. Please write out
the reactions that utilize ATP as well as the ones that create ATP,
and explain how many molecules of ATP are made in glycolysis.
c. A reaction is set up with 3-phosphoglycerate, where the
phosphate atom...