Question

What is myelination? What is the role of myelin in physical development?

What are centration and conservation according to Piaget? How are centration and conservation related?

Tisha is talking to her grandmother on the phone when she sees a beautiful cardinal light on the tree branch just outside the window. She says, “Look, Grammy, look at the bird!” What would Piaget call this error?

Rowen has two teddy bears. He talks to them and they talk to each other. They all eat lunch together and have fine conversations. What would Piaget call this behavior?

Three-year-old Johnny is crying. His mother gave both he and his one-year-old brother a cookie, but she broke his baby brother’s cookie into two pieces which Johnny believes gave him more. What would Piaget call this error?

According to Vygotsky, how should you teach a young child to ride a two-wheeled bicycle?

Answer 1

1. A procedure critical in the development of nervous system is myelination, It takes place when a greasy layer known as myelin which is made of lipids and proteins coats neurons. This covering enables messages to be sent by synapses and plays essential role in health amd function of brain and mervous system.It is produced by the brain and spinal cord into early adulthood as it is needed for many developmental processes, and although earlier studies of human white matter hinted at its involvement in skill learning,
2. According to piaget children in the pre operational stage have increased represntational and symbolic activity. Conservation refers to a logical thinking ability which, according to the psychologist Jean Piaget, is not present in children during the preoperational stage of their development at ages 2–7, but develops in the concrete operational stage at ages 7–11. Conservation refers to the ability to determine that a certain quantity will remain the same despite adjustment of the container, shape, or apparent size.

• Example:Suppose a man gives a four-year-old girl two full bottles of juice. The girl will agree that they both contain the same amount of juice. Suppose if the man pours the contents of one bottle into a short, fat container, the girl will then say that the fisrt bottle has more juice. She can't realize that the same volume of juice is conserved in the fat container.  
• Piaget thus said that children are unable to do conservation in the preoperational stage.
• Centration is the ability to focus on one aspect of a problem and ignore other aspects. In the example above, four-year-old looks only at the higher juice level in the bottle and ignores the fact that the bottle is narrower than the othe juice container. Because of centration, children in the preoperational stage can’t classify things to more than one level.

3. Piaget would call this error as "ASSIMILATION" . Trisha is using her existing schema to identify the bird sitting on the tree branch. She doen't know that it is just a cardinal light. So this process of using existing schema to process new information is known as assimilation.

4.Piaget would call this error as "ANIMISM". As piaget says that children in preoperational stage believe that inanimate pbject have life like qualities such as thought, language, control of action.

5.Piaget would call this error as "CENTRATION" .

6.According to Vygotsky, riding two wheeled bicycle should be done under the adult guidance or with more skilled peers. This person he referred to as "the more knowledgble other" . This person provides guidance and instructions to the child during the learing period. This person is a part of the child's interaction he might be his teacher, parent, or any other adult, or peer to which the child looks upto for information about how to dress or how to act.