Donna is a 35 year old female who is married and has a 5 year old...

Donna is a 35 year old female who is married and has a 5 year old daughter. Donna recently found out she was pregnant, but last week at 12 weeks she started to spot and went to see the doctor. At the doctors, Donna found out she was having a miscarriage and the doctors decided to look at her blood type and seemed very alarmed and asked her who her doctor was for her first child. Her blood type was A-. Here are some Leading Questions to think about:

Why was the first child okay?

What does blood type have to do with pregnancy and miscarriage?

Are antibodies involved?

What immune cells might be involved?

What do surface antigens have to do in this situation?

How can this be fixed, treated, and how does that process work?

Solutions

Expert Solution

First Rh +ve baby is born safe .During first delivery when placental barrier is preached , mother form anti-Rh antibodies against Rh +ve kid. Since it’s primary immune response it is weak and slow.
Knowning the blood group is important in identifying erythroblastosis fetalis.When an Rh -ve mother give birth to Rh +ve baby .During first delivery its safe , but subsequent delivery cause miscarriage.
During First delivery , the Rh antigen from Rh +ve fetus enter into Rh-ve mother blood.This causes to produce Rh antibody against Rh antigen in mother's body.
This cause secondary immune response , which was earlier memorized by memory cell.Rh antigen is recognized by B cell receptor and cause proliferation of Rh antibodies in blood of mother
Rh antibodies are produced during first pregnancy , which on second pregnancy , the Rh +ve fetus's antigen react with Rh antibody in mother's blood causing agglutination .Which leads to neonatal jaundice in baby.
This can be fixed by injecting Rh immunoglobin which destroys fetal red blood cells in her bloodstream, during her first pregnancy.Hence no antibodies are produced.

Sydney Mullin answered 10 months ago

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