Question

If globalization and trade liberalization that is part of it brings such benefits in terms of higher incomes and enhance opportunity, why does controversy characterize key aspects of the globalization debate

Answer 1

There are controversies that arise with key aspects of the globalization debate, because globalization often neglects the welfare of those locals who need it most. Further, controversy comes because idea and agenda of globalization is often imposed upon the nations  in return of some benefits to resurrect their economy. Here, the idea and agenda of globalization are supremely inclined in favor of the developed nations. It generates controversy and affecting nations oppose the globalization drive. Besides, national securities are concerned (genuine concerns) that raise questions regarding the globalization.

For example, globalization has the benefits to increase income and job opportunities, but globalization also increases income inequality and can destroy the local industries if they are in a nascent stage. Here, globalization forces the nation to open their economies and let MNCs come and capture the market and their resources. It can promote bribe, infighting  and economic rent in the economy. It creates controversies regarding the globalization, even if it has many benefits if implemented properly.