Question

Assignment: Financial Statements of Business Organizations

Scenario

Jim Connor is the owner of Wave Riders, a surf shop located in West Palm Beach, Florida. Jim has just received his end of the year financial statements from his accountant. When he sees his gross and net income he is dismayed. With almost $250,000 in gross profit he just doesn’t understand why he is always short on cash to pay his employees and suppliers. One of his largest suppliers of surf boards notified him just last month that they would no longer extend him credit and he would have to pre-pay all of his orders. He puts a call into his accountant to set up a meeting with her to discuss the financial health of his business.

Questions

Part 1

1. Using the financial statements provided, calculate the 12 financial ratios discussed in your text using the financial information that is provided below for Wave Riders,

2. Looking at these ratios, are there any of them that look suspicious? If so, which ratios are they and what about them do you believe is cause for concern?

Part 2

1. Using the industry ratios that have been provided, compare Wave Rider’s ratios with those for the industry. What “red flags” do you see when making this comparison?

2. What do you think might be causing the deviations that you see between Wave Riders ratios and the industry ratios?

Part 3

1. What recommendations would you make to Jim to help him improve the financial performance of Wave Riders in the future? Prepare a memo to Jim outlining your recommendations, making certain to include your reasons for the recommendation (i.e. ratio analysis and/or comparison to industry ratios).

Financial Statements

Wave Riders

Income Statement

For the year ended December 31, 20XX

Merchandise Sales: $500,000

Cost of Goods Sold: $255,000

Gross Profit: $245,000

Wage Expense: $140,000

Rent Expense: $45,000

General and Administrative: $45,000

Total Expenses: $230,000

Earnings Before Interest & Taxes (EBIT): $15,000

  

Interest: $5,000

Income before tax: $10,000

Tax (@ 25% rate): $2,500

Net Income/(Loss): $7,500

Wave Riders

Statement of Owner's Equity

For the year ended December 31, 20XX

Beginning Capital: $0

Owner Contributions: $5,000

Net Income/(Loss): $7,500

total: $12,500

Owner Withdrawals: $0

Ending Capital: $12,500

Wave Riders

Balance sheet as of December 31. 20xx

Current Assets

Cash and Cash Equivalents: $29,500

Accounts Receivable: $10,000

Merchandise Inventory: $100,000

Prepaid Expenses: $7,500

Total Current Assets: $147,000

Property, Plant, and Equipment: $5,000

Current Liabilities

Accounts Payable: $74,250

Wages Payable: $10,250

  

Total Current Liabilities: $84,500

Long-Term Debt: $55,000

Total Liabilities: $139,500

Owner's Equity: $12,500

Total Liabilities and Owner's Equity: $152,000

Wave Riders

Statement of Cash Flows

For the year ended December 31, 20XX

Cash provided by operating activities

Net Income (loss): $7,500

Changes in operating assets & liabilities

Inventories: ($100,000)

Accounts Receivables: ($10,000)

Accounts Payable: $10,250

Accrued expenses: $7,500

Cash provided by (used by) operations: ($85,000)

Cash provided by investing activities

Purchases of fixed assets: ($5,000)

Cash provided by (used by) investing: ($5,000)

Cash provided by financing

Long-term borrowing: $55,000

Owner contributions: $5,000

Payment of Debt and Financing Costs: ($5,000)

Cash provided by (used by) financing: $55,000

Change in cash: ($35,000)

Beginning cash balance: $0

Ending cash balance: ($35,000)

Industry Ratios

Liquidity & Solvency Ratios

Current Ratio 2.1

Quick Ratio 0.95

Debt Ratio 1.05

Debt to Net Worth Ratio 8.5

Times Interest Earned Ratio 4.2

Return on Equity (ROE) 5.25

Operating Ratios

Average Inventory Turnover Ratio 6.85

Average Receivables Turnover Ratio 10

Average Collection Period Ratio 36.5

Payables Turnover Ratio 5.8

Average Payable Period Ratio 62.9

Net Sales to Total Assets Ratio 3.3

Profitability Ratios

Net Profit on Sales Ratio 4.8%

Net Profit to Assets Ratio 4.55%

Net Profit to Equity Ratio 1.8

Answer 1

	Wave Riders Ratio Formula	Wave Riders Ratio	Industry Ratios	Comparative
Liquidity & Solvency Ratios
Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities	=147000/84500	1.74	2.1	acceptable
Quick Ratio =(Current Assets-Inventory)/Current Liabilities	=(147000-100000)/ 84500	0.56	0.95	Red Flag
Debt Ratio =Total Liabilities/Total Assets	=139500/152000	0.92	1.05	acceptable
Debt to Net Worth Ratio= Debt / Net Worth	=55000/12500	4.40	8.5	acceptable
Times Interest Earned Ratio =(Operating Income+Depreciation) / Interest	=15000/5000	3.00	4.2	acceptable
Return on Equity (ROE) =Net Income/Equity fund *100	=(7500/12500)*100	60%	5.25	acceptable
Operating Ratios
Average Inventory Turnover Ratio = Cost of Goods Sold/ Avg Inventory	= 255000 / (100000-50000)	5.10	6.85	acceptable
To compute Avg Inventory, we have Closing Inventory as per the Balance Sheet, and the change in the Inventory from the Cash Flow Statement. There is a negative cgange in the Inventory for 100,000. So to compute the Avg Inventory, we reduce the half of the change in Inventory from the Closing Inventory Value.
Average Receivables Turnover Ratio = Net Sales/ Avg Receivables	=500000/(10000-5000)	100.00	10	Red Flag
Average Collection Period Ratio =365 days / Avg Recevables TO Ratio	=365/100	3.65	36.5	acceptable
Payables Turnover Ratio = Total Purchase / Avg. Accounts Payable	=255000/(74250+5125)	3.21	5.8	acceptable
Average Payable Period Ratio =(Accounts Payable * 365) / Net Credit Purchases	=(74250*365)/ 255000	106.28	62.9	Red Flag
Net Sales to Total Assets Ratio= Net Sales / Avg Total Assets	=500000/(152000-2500)	3.34	3.3	acceptable
Profitability Ratios
Net Profit on Sales Ratio =(Net Profit/Sales)*100	=(7500/500000)*100	1.50	4.80%	Red Flag
Net Profit to Assets Ratio =(Net Profit/Assets)*100	=(7500/152000)*100	4.93	4.55%	Acceptable
Net Profit to Equity Ratio =(Net Profit/Equity)	=(7500/12500)	0.60	1.8	Acceptable
The given Company is performing very Poorly as compared to the Industry Standards is shown by the detailed comparisons of various Ratios with the Industry Standard.
Each Ratio states different meanings, as given Below :- the Quick Ratio is very less, it should be maintained at 1 Avg Recevibles T/O Ratio is very high. We should make more sales in Cash instead of credit sales Avg Payable Ratio is also very high, this makes us loos credibility in market and we can not buy goods on credit basis and it may sometimes adversoly impact the business. Net Profit to Sales Ratio is very low as compared to the Industry, and so focus should be made in reducing Costs and Increasing the Sales.