Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Compare and contrast cardiac and skeletal muscle in terms of electrical stimulus and action potentials (excitation-contraction...

  1. Compare and contrast cardiac and skeletal muscle in terms of electrical stimulus and action potentials (excitation-contraction coupling), role of calcium, energy use and production, and ways to develop increased force of contraction. How does the vulnerability of the myocardium relate to the fact that heart disease is the leading cause of death?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Cardiac muscle skeletal muscle
Stimulation

SA or AV node

Autonomic innervation

NM junctions

Via voluntary motor innervation

Action potential 220-400 ms 2-4 ms
Structural fibere Large branching with single nuclei near Long tube shaped with multinucleated cells
T tubule at Z line at A-I juntion
Sarcoplasmic reticulum less abundant with cistern at one terminal end more abundant with two terminal cistern
Role of Ca2+ Increases contractility by binding to troponin c and hence expose the actin binding site Increases contractility by binding to troponin c and exposing binding site on actin
Energy utilisation and production

aerobic metabolism glucose, fatty cids, ketone bodies

To lesser extend amino acid

Creatinie phosphate, anerobic glycolysis ( lactic acid), areeobic glycolytic pathway

Increased force Hypertrophy, by Increasing cell size Hypertrophy by Increasing cell size and number.

Heart requires oxygen supply for genration of energy and metabolism. Hence, even if small decrese in oxygen supply by decreses blood supply/obstruction to blood flow will lead to Ischemia and hence Heart myocardium is vulnerable to hypoxia and is leading cause of death.


Related Solutions

Compare and contrast cardiac and skeletal muscle in the following: Cellular structure Excitation-Contraction Coupling Action potential...
Compare and contrast cardiac and skeletal muscle in the following: Cellular structure Excitation-Contraction Coupling Action potential of Skeletal Muscle cells and Cardiac Contractile muscle cells Production of ATP Role of Calcium Mechanisms for increased strength/force of contraction
Compare and contrast the excitation-contraction coupling mechanisms of skeletal muscle versus contractile cardiac muscle. Need detailed...
Compare and contrast the excitation-contraction coupling mechanisms of skeletal muscle versus contractile cardiac muscle. Need detailed answers please.
1. A. Compare the action potentials observed in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle. B. Then describe...
1. A. Compare the action potentials observed in cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle. B. Then describe the action potential associated with the sinoatrial node. C. Describe the conduction system of the heart. 2.A. State the equations used to determine SV and CO. State the average values for all components. B. What happens to stroke volume when: i. ESV increases and decreases ii. EDV increases and decreases iii. increased sympathetic innervation iv. increased parasympathetic innervation v. afterload increases and decreases C....
During the excitation phase of the skeletal muscle cell contraction, the following occurs: 1) the muscle...
During the excitation phase of the skeletal muscle cell contraction, the following occurs: 1) the muscle fiber develops tension and shortens 2) the muscle fiber relaxes and returns to its original length 3) nerve action potentials lead to muscle action potentials A growing long bone in a child has only two types of cartilage at the epiphysis. These two areas are 1) elastic cartilage and epiphyseal plate 2) epiphyseal plate and epiphyseal line 3) primary and secondary ossification centers 4)...
6. Compare/contrast cardiac muscle with skeletal muscle. In a figure show the ion fluxes associated with...
6. Compare/contrast cardiac muscle with skeletal muscle. In a figure show the ion fluxes associated with an action potential in contractile cardiac muscle fibers. 8. Compare the electrical activity (ion current fluxes) in cardiac pacemaker cells with that found in cardiac muscle cells. Specify an additional role for calcium in the cardiac muscle cell action potential. Use a figure. 11. When looking at the extrinsic control of the arterioles, explain how sympathetic stimulation (stress) affects the blood flow and diameter...
compare the contraction mechanism of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle fibers. distinguish among the CNS, PNS,...
compare the contraction mechanism of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle fibers. distinguish among the CNS, PNS, and the ANS. describe the structure of a typical neuron and describe the functions of each component.
Topic 6: Skeletal muscle contraction Describe in detail the entire process of excitation coupling in skeletal...
Topic 6: Skeletal muscle contraction Describe in detail the entire process of excitation coupling in skeletal muscle, begin with an action potential reaching the synaptic knob of a motor neuron through completion of a cross Bridge cycle. after detailing those events to include the following information Define a motor unit describe motor unit recruitment and Explain how these terms relate to excitation-contraction coupling. Define and describe muscle twitch and summation and explain how these terms relate to motor unit/motor unit...
Explain how the following agents are involved in the excitation and contraction of skeletal muscle. i....
Explain how the following agents are involved in the excitation and contraction of skeletal muscle. i. Acetylcholine (ACh) ii. Calcium (Ca2+) iii. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
1)Compare and contrast synaptic potentials and action potentials. How each of these encode stimulus strength. 2)Describe...
1)Compare and contrast synaptic potentials and action potentials. How each of these encode stimulus strength. 2)Describe in detail how one messenger can trigger the release of another second messenger. 3)On a molecular level, what absolutely refractory period? Can another action potentials be fired during this period? What principle of AP firing is due to the absolute refractory period?
Explain the process of contraction of:    Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle (show the differences between them)...
Explain the process of contraction of:    Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle (show the differences between them) Smooth muscle   Draw the action potential of a skeletal muscle cell, Sinoatrial Node cell, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle cell and explain the differences between them.  
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT