Question

1. Medical clearance and risk stratification case study practice. Please carefully read the following case studies, answer the questions and ultimately determine the need for medical clearance and appropriate risk stratification.

A. Joe is a 49 years old male who stands tall at 5’11” andweighs 240 pounds. He currently smokes one half pack ofcigarettes a day and indicates no history of regular physicalactivity over the past 10 years. He also has a sedentaryoccupation and travels frequently for work. His latestphysical examination revealed the following information:Blood Pressure 138/88 mmHg, total cholesterol 208 mg/dl; HDL cholesterol – 41 mg/dl; LDL– 134 mg/dl. Familyhistory– Father diagnosed with CAD at age 62: Mother diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes at age 50.

Does the client currently participate in regular exercise? Type your answer here.

Does the client report any known CV, metabolic or renal disease? Type your answer here.

Does the client present any signs or symptoms suggestive of disease? Type your answer here.

Answer 1

1. The Client clearly is in lack of physical exercises .

The high value of blood pressure ,cholestrol ,LDL represent his lack of exercise and unhealthy life style .

He is clearly in need of physical exercises like jogging swimming since even his job is sedentary and doesnt require any physical activities..

2 . For that we have to clearly go through his blood reports .

A. Blood pressure : Normal BP is 120/80 mmHg

But in case its 138/88 mmHg which indicates he is in the border line of hypertension and he is suffering from hypertension .

This is mostly due to the cigarette smoking .

Cigarette smoking is a powerful cardiovascular risk factor

It increases the blood pressure by stimulating the sympathetic system.

So he has to quit smoking to relieve this hypertensive state .

2. Cholesterol level : It should be below 200 for a healthy individual but in his case its 208 which inidcates his chances for cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis , valve blockade since deposition of fatty acids and cholestrol byproducts will take place .

3. HDL is the good cholesterol in our body which scavenges the bad cholesterol in our body and keeps our body healthy with less risk of CV diseases renal diseases.

But in his its value is lower which makes him suseptible to all kind if dieases mentioned earlier

4. High LDL means bad cholesterol is high in his blood and his life is at greater risk if he is not taking methods to attain a good healthy life style

5. Family history

# CAD : Genetic risk in Coronary artery diease is the reason for half the population s cause of death due to CAD.

# Type 2 Diabetes : Genetic risks are there .

3 . Cardiovascular diseases :

Yus he is prone to all types of CV related diseases as his cholestrol ,bp , family history all favours his risk towards it .

Since he already has a family history he should take special consideration in helping to return his now blood reports to normal healthy report .

Renal diseases : Hypertension can cause renal damage

It can damage the blood vessels and reduce the filtering capacity of renal system .

Thereby deposition of toxic substances in our body leads to another line of risky diseases .

So yus he is clearly showing the signs of being suseptible towards all these CVS related and renal dieseases .