Question

Find and describe examples of solutions with pH values below zero, and above 14.

Include a calculation of [H+], [OH-], and pOH.

Your response should be at least two paragraphs. Provide citations and references.

Answer 1

Solutions of pH values lower than zero that is highly acidic or solutions of pH values greater than 14 that is highly basic exists.Then the solutions acidity or basicity cannot be measured by pH.A new function named Hammett acidity function is introduced to calculate the acidity of those solutions.

Mixture of HF and SbF₅ acts as a superacid that is a solution of pH lesser than zero.It has the value of -12 in Hammett Acidity Function.

Hammett acidity function is defined as

H₀= -log (a_H⁺ f_B/f_BH⁺)

where a is the Activity of H⁺ and f is the activity coefficient.

Superbases are mainly organic compounds.They may be organometallic or inorganic also.Example of organic superbase is Proton Sponge,organo lithium and organo magnessium are organometallic suoerbase and Sodium hydride,Lithium Nitride are inorganic superbases.