A patient has mild metabolic acidosis from a not-too-severe diabetic decompensation leading to keto-acidosis. The patient's...

A patient has mild metabolic acidosis from a not-too-severe diabetic decompensation leading to keto-acidosis. The patient's pH is 7.49 with a bicarbonate = 16mM. What is the most likely explanation for these data?

a) this is compatible with a single acid-base

b)diabetic ketoacidosis, with appropriate respiratory compensation

c) solely from this data, you can determine that there is a simultaneous metabolic alkalosis

d) these numbers can be explained by a simultaneous respiratory alkalosis

e) the patient's respirations are probably about 7 per minute and shallow, with the smell of acetone

Expert Solution

Option B- diabetic ketoacidosis, with appropriate respiratory compensation .

The body initially buffers the change with the bicarbonate buffering system, but this system is quickly overwhelmed and other mechanisms must work to compensate for the acidosis. One such mechanism is hyperventilation to lower the blood carbon dioxide levels (a form of compensatory respiratory alkalosis).

The respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis involves a decrease in PCO2.

The normal blood pH is tightly regulated between 7.35 and 7.45.

Normal bicarbonate levels are: 23 to 30 mEq/L in adults.

in the given condition ph is maintained normally,but the bicarbonate level falls this indicates that the compensation is by respiration and not by buffer system.

The deep and rapid sighing respiration, called Kussmaul's respiration, in patients suffering DKA provides clinical evidence of this compensatory mechanism. The patient is said to be either fully compensated if pH is within the normal range, or partially compensated if pH remains below the lower limit of normal.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

Patients with uncontrolled diabetes may enter a state called diabetic ketoacidosis, a form of metabolic acidosis...

Patients with uncontrolled diabetes may enter a state called diabetic ketoacidosis, a form of metabolic acidosis in which low blood pH is caused by the excessive accumulation of acidic ketone bodies in the blood, due to excessive catabolism of stored fats (NOTE: while not relevant to this question, it might be interesting and a good review to make sure you understand why impaired insulin signaling would cause this to occur!). If this acidosis becomes severe and life-threatening, patients will eventually...

73.) A patient suffering from diabetic acidosis would display which of the following symptoms? Decreased H+...

73.) A patient suffering from diabetic acidosis would display which of the following symptoms? Decreased H+ secretion by the kidneys Decreased ammonia secretion by the kidneys Hyperventilation 74.) Infants have __________ deciduous teeth, whereas adults have __________ permanent teeth. 32; 20 20; 32 16; 20 28; 20 32; 32 75.) Which of the following is the correct list of tissues which make up the tooth from the most superficial to the deepest? Enamel, root canal, dentin Enamel, dentin, pulp Dentin,...

When assessing a patient with suspected metabolic acidosis, what physical assessments on other organ systems should...

When assessing a patient with suspected metabolic acidosis, what physical assessments on other organ systems should be evaluated?

The patient with emphysema would MOST LIKELY have the following primary acid-base imbalance: a. metabolic acidosis...

The patient with emphysema would MOST LIKELY have the following primary acid-base imbalance: a. metabolic acidosis b. metabolic alkalosis c. respiratory acidosis d. respiratory alkalosis A patient with an acute pulmonary embolus should be assessed for which primary acid-base abnormality? a. metabolic acidosis b. metabolic alkalosis c. respiratory acidosis d. respiratory alkalosis

Select either mild, moderate, or severe persistent asthma. Describe a patient with your selected asthma. Describe...

Select either mild, moderate, or severe persistent asthma. Describe a patient with your selected asthma. Describe the symptoms the patient would present with. Describe your treatment of choice and what your patient’s treatment goals would be.

A very ill client has been admitted to the hospital with metabolic acidosis. The client reports...

A very ill client has been admitted to the hospital with metabolic acidosis. The client reports light-headedness, dizziness, and tingling/numbness of the fingers and toes. The nurse suspects that the client is now suffering from which acid-base imbalance based on her knowledge of compensatory mechanisms? A. Respiratory alkalosis B. Metabolic acidosis C. Metabolism alkalosis

T.H., a 57-year-old stockbroker, has come to the gastroenterologist for treatment of recurrent mild to severe...

T.H., a 57-year-old stockbroker, has come to the gastroenterologist for treatment of recurrent mild to severe cramping in his abdomen and blood-streaked stool. You are the registered nurse doing his initial workup. Your findings include a mildly obese man who demonstrates moderate guarding of his abdomen with both direct and rebound tenderness, especially in the left lower quadrant (LLQ). His vital signs are 168/98, 110, 24, 100.4° F (38° C); he is slightly diaphoretic. T.H. reports that he has periodic...

A physician has ordered a mild sedative for a patient having an endoscopy the next day....

A physician has ordered a mild sedative for a patient having an endoscopy the next day. The order was written as Halcion 0.25 mg po at 10:00. The unit clerk assumes that the sedative is to be administered that evening at 10:00 p.m. In fact, the physician wanted the sedative to be administered at 10:00 a.m. just before surgery. What physician wanted the sedative to be administered at 10:00 a.m. just before surgery. 1. What physician error led the unit...

You are responsible for characterizing a novel mutant version of PAH from a patient experiencing mild...

You are responsible for characterizing a novel mutant version of PAH from a patient experiencing mild symptoms of the disease. You first task is to purify the enzyme responsible. You decide to generate a construct to express the protein in E.coli. Step 3-1: PCR to amplify the mutated gene. You have the following samples: a. Genomic DNA from the patients hepatocytes. b. Genomic DNA from the blood cells. c. mRNA from the hepatocytes d. mRNA from the blood cells e....

You are a nurse admitting a patient to the hospital from the emergency department with severe...

You are a nurse admitting a patient to the hospital from the emergency department with severe abdominal pain of unknown origin. He is a 42-year-old construction worker who has a history of asthma and sleep apnea. He is accompanied to the hospital by his wife, and they have four teenage children who live at home. His wife is an elementary school teacher. The physician has written orders, which includes several tests. 1.What data in the scenario is pertinent? (This is...

Question