Question

• What characteristics describe all organisms in the animal Kingdom?
• Name the 9 phyla of animals we studied.
• Give one example for each of the phyla.
• Describe what general characteristics separate one animal phyla from another.
  
• What are two species that share a commensal relationship? Describe how.
  
  
  NO HAND WRITING PLEASE

Answer 1

1-Being multicellular ,heterotrophic, lack of cell wall are the characters that define all organisms of the animal kingdom.

2- 9 phylums are as follows:

1-Porifera ( sponges )

2- Cnidarians (jellyfish,corals)

3- Platyhelminthes (flatworms,tapeworms )

4- Echinodermata (sea urchins, sea stars sea cucumbers)

5- Mollusca (octopuses,snails )

6- Nematoda (ascaris, pinworms, hookworms )

7- Arthropoda (crabs, spiders , insects )

8- Annelida (earthworms, leeches )

9- Chordata ( sea sqirts, lancelets )

The characteristics that make one animal phylum different from the other are:

1- poriferans do not have definite shape and lack body cavity..

2- cniderians have tentacles with stinging cells on them called cnidocytes which help them to catch their prey. They do not have brain but a nervous system which enables them to sense their surroundings.

3- platyhelminthes have flattened body structure and an incomplete gut. Planaria has regeneration ability which when cut becomes a full organism again..

4- echinoderms are animals having a unique shape and mostly look like plants.They are exclusively marine and the skin in spiny.

5- molluscans are animals with a soft body and complex nervous system . The shell is very hard and the animal implies intelligent techniques to capture their prey.

6- nematodes are roundworms having a complete digestive system which is a new feature in the evolution.

7- arthropods have jointed limbs and antennae with a strong exoskeleton.

8- annelids are segmented organisms have numerous segments over their body.They have internal organs like intestine, crop,gizzard.

9- chodates have a backbone and are most complex beings in the animal kingdom.

Commensalism is the interaction between two species where one is benefited and the other one is neither harmed nor benefited.

Examples - epiphyte on a mango branch.

Barnacles growing on whale.