In: Finance
Consider an economy where a one-factor APT holds. All portfolios are well diversified. Portfolio A has an expected return of 10% and its factor beta is 1. Portfolio F has an expected return of 8% and its factor beta is 0.6. Suppose another portfolio E is well diversified with a beta of 0.8 and an expected return of 10%. Does an arbitrage opportunity exist in this case?
Expected return | Beta | |||||||||||
Portfolio A | 10% | 1 | ||||||||||
Portfolio F | 8% | 0.6 | ||||||||||
Portfolio E | 10% | 0.8 | ||||||||||
To find: Arbitrage opportunity exists | ||||||||||||
Step 1:- | We need to choose the portfolio with highest and lowest beta. | |||||||||||
In this case, | ||||||||||||
Highest Beta | Portfolio A | |||||||||||
Lowest Beta | Portfolio F | |||||||||||
Step 2:- | Construct a hypothetical portfolio say Portfolio B in this case, combining Portfolio A and F with Beta equal to that of Portfolio E | |||||||||||
Let the weight of Portfolio A be Wa | ||||||||||||
so weight of portfolio F= (1-Wa) | ||||||||||||
We know, | ||||||||||||
Beta of portfolio= Weighted average | ||||||||||||
Wa*1+(1-Wa)*0.6= 0.8 | ||||||||||||
Wa+0.6-0.6Wa= 0.8 | ||||||||||||
0.4Wa= 0.2 | ||||||||||||
Wa= 0.5 | ||||||||||||
Weight of portfolio A= 0.5 | ||||||||||||
Weight of portfolio F= (1-0.5)=0.5 | ||||||||||||
Step 3:- | Expected return from the hypothetical portfolio i.e Portfolio B= Weighted average | |||||||||||
0.5*10+0.5*8 | ||||||||||||
9% | ||||||||||||
Step 4:- | Comparing Portfolio B so created with Portfolio E we get, | |||||||||||
Potfolio | Beta | Return | ||||||||||
B | 0.8 | 9% | ||||||||||
E | 0.8 | 10% | ||||||||||
The above results violate the law of one price i.e. stocks with equal risk should provide equal return. Hence there is an arbitrage opportunity:- | ||||||||||||
Short sell Portfolio B and invest the proceeds in Portfolio E | ||||||||||||
Arbitrage profit= (10-9)% | ||||||||||||
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