Question

what creates the energy driving force for the tubular reabsorption of water soluble substances like glucose and amino acids

the na/k atpase at the apical membrane
the na symporters at the apical membrane
the na symporters at the basolateral membrane
the na/k atpase at the basolateral membrane

Answer 1

Sodium glucose transport proteins move glucose, along with two sodium ions across the apical membrane. Glucose then crosses the basolateral membrane via facilitated diffusion. Sodium / Amino acid symporters are present on the apical side of cells in the S1 segment of the proximal convoluted tubule which reabsorbs all the amino acids in the proximal convoluted tubule.

Symport mechanisms move two or more substances in the same direction at the same time, whereas antiport mechanisms move two or more substances in opposite directions across the cell membrane. Both mechanisms may utilize concentration gradients maintained by ATP pumps. A sodium ATP ase pump on the basilar membrane of a cell may constantly pump sodium out of a cell, maintaining a strong electrochemical gradient. On the opposite that is apical surface, a sodium / glucose symport protein channel assists both sodium and glucose in to the cell as sodium moves down the concentration gradient created by the basilar sodium ATP ase pumps. The glucose molecule then diffuses across the basal membrane by facilitated diffusion into the interstitial space and from there in to peritubular capillaries.

The sodium symporters at the basolateral membrane is the correct answer