Question

Test the practical legality of the subnets defined below by attempting to make route destinations out of them with the Linux "route" command. The route command will accept those that are legal, and create an error (with a screen showing route's syntax) for those that are illegal. Here are the subnets for you to test:

network address/netmask

1) 209.220.186.96/255.255.255.224

2) 209.220.186.96/255.255.255.192

3) 209.220.186.240/255.255.255.240

4) 209.220.186.240/255.255.255.224

5) 209.220.186.128/255.255.255.192

6) 209.220.186.128/255.255.255.64

7) 209.220.16.80/255.255.255.240

8) 209.220.186.64/255.255.255.192

You would test each one by specifying both its network address and netmask in the route command. So for the first example you would issue the command:

route add -net 209.220.186.96 netmask 255.255.255.224 eth0

in order to see whether the command "takes" or not. If it does, the routing table will show the new route. (Before doing this make sure eth0 has an address assigned to it. Assign one by issuing the command "ifconfig eth0 192.168.3.1".) You can view the routing table by issuing the command:

route -n

(If at any point you wish to remove a route you have entered into the table, issue the exact same command you used to enter it with add replaced by del." For example:

route del -net 209.220.186.96 netmask 255.255.255.224 eth0

removes the line added above to the routing table. You can reproduce on the command line a previously issued command by successively pressing the up-arrow key, which operates in Linux the same way as with the doskey program in DOS.)

For every subnet definition you are to provide three answers. First, telling whether the route command succeeded or failed. Second, an explanation for failure. Third, a number giving the size of the subnet your route command is trying to create (which is expressed by its netmask).

Finally, for subnets 7 and 8, look closely at them and the relationship between them. (For clarity of understanding I suggest for these, and for all of them, that you draw a linear diagram locating and sizing the subnet on an address number line.) You should perceive what might appear to be a conflict between them. Identify in your own mind the apparent conflict and try to explain the observed result in relation to it. Be prepared to offer an explanation in class (this question not to be included in the answer file you'll submit).

1. The route command for network 1

a. succeeded
b. failed

2. Why did it fail?
a. I just told you, it didn't fail!
b. because the network address isn't a multiple of the netmask-indicated network size

c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. because the netmask given isn't a legal one
f. because the network address given isn't a legal one

3. The size of the subnet your route command is implicitly trying to create for network 1, based on the command's netmask, is
a. 4

b. 8

c. 16

d. 32

e. 64

f. 128

g. 256

h. undetermined

---

4. The route command for network 2

a. succeeded
b. failed

5. Why did it fail?
a. I just told you, it didn't fail!
b. because the network address isn't a multiple of the netmask-indicated network size

c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. because the netmask given isn't a legal one
f. because the network address given isn't a legal one

6. The size of the subnet your route command is implicitly trying to create for network 2, based on the command's netmask, is
a. 4

b. 8

c. 16

d. 32

e. 64

f. 128

g. 256

h. undetermined

---

7. The route command for network 3

a. succeeded
b. failed

8. Why did it fail?
a. I just told you, it didn't fail!
b. because the network address isn't a multiple of the netmask-indicated network size

c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. because the netmask given isn't a legal one
f. because the network address given isn't a legal one

9. The size of the subnet your route command is implicitly trying to create for network 3, based on the command's netmask, is
a. 4

b. 8

c. 16

d. 32

e. 64

f. 128

g. 256

h. undetermined

---

10. The route command for network 4

a. succeeded
b. failed

11. Why did it fail?
a. I just told you, it didn't fail!
b. because the network address isn't a multiple of the netmask-indicated network size

c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. because the netmask given isn't a legal one
f. because the network address given isn't a legal one

12. The size of the subnet your route command is implicitly trying to create for network 4, based on the command's netmask, is
a. 4

b. 8

c. 16

d. 32

e. 64

f. 128

g. 256

h. undetermined

---

13. The route command for network 5

a. succeeded
b. failed

14. Why did it fail?
a. I just told you, it didn't fail!
b. because the network address isn't a multiple of the netmask-indicated network size

c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. because the netmask given isn't a legal one
f. because the network address given isn't a legal one

15. The size of the subnet your route command is implicitly trying to create for network 5, based on the command's netmask, is
a. 4

b. 8

c. 16

d. 32

e. 64

f. 128

g. 256

h. undetermined

---

16. The route command for network 6

a. succeeded
b. failed

17. Why did it fail?
a. I just told you, it didn't fail!
b. because the network address isn't a multiple of the netmask-indicated network size

c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. because the netmask given isn't a legal one
f. because the network address given isn't a legal one

18. The size of the subnet your route command is implicitly trying to create for network 6, based on the command's netmask, is
a. 4

b. 8

c. 16

d. 32

e. 64

f. 128

g. 256

h. undetermined

---

19. The route command for network 7

a. succeeded
b. failed

20. Why did it fail?
a. I just told you, it didn't fail!
b. because the network address isn't a multiple of the netmask-indicated network size

c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. because the netmask given isn't a legal one
f. because the network address given isn't a legal one

21. The size of the subnet your route command is implicitly trying to create for network 7, based on the command's netmask, is
a. 4

b. 8

c. 16

d. 32

e. 64

f. 128

g. 256

h. undetermined

---

22. The route command for network 8

a. succeeded
b. failed

23. Why did it fail?
a. I just told you, it didn't fail!
b. because the network address isn't a multiple of the netmask-indicated network size

c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. because the netmask given isn't a legal one
f. because the network address given isn't a legal one

24. The size of the subnet your route command is implicitly trying to create for network 8, based on the command's netmask, is
a. 4

b. 8

c. 16

d. 32

e. 64

f. 128

g. 256

h. undetermined

Answer 1

Answer network 1
******************
a. succeeded

Answer network 2
*******************
b. failed
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. 64

Answer network 3
******************
a. succeeded

Answer network 4
******************
b. failed
d. because the netmask-indicated size isn't a multiple of the network address
e. 32

Answer network 5
******************
a. succeeded

Answer network 6
******************
b. failed
c. because the network address final octet isn't a power of two

Answer network 7
*****************
a. succeeded

Answer network 8
*****************
a. succeeded

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