The ground state for a quantum Hall system on a torus with
fractional filling factor can be classified by the Chern number,
which is why the Hall conductance is quantized. Is there another
method or classification one can use to distinguish states?
A more clear version of this question: Different quantum Hall
states can be characterized by their different Hall conductances.
Is there other characterizations that one can use to distinguish
different quantum Hall states?
I propose to change the...
1.) What is the Hall effect, give a real life example, list its
applications.
2.) When an electric light bulb is operated on a low frequency
AC, they noticeably flicker (for example 5Hz) why?