Question

You are training for a spartan race and Ninja Warrior. You have rock climbed up two

medium sized mountains and now are on mile three of an uphill hike. Explain how your

organ systems, (muscle system is forcing your cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and

integumentary) have been working together, allowing you to continue hiking without

collapsing to remain in homeostasis. Be sure to discuss the physiology and the anatomy

in the tissues and organs of all systems.

Answer 1

Explain how your organ systems, (muscle system is forcing your cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, and integumentary) have been working together, allowing you to continue hiking without collapsing to remain in homeostasis.

Each organ system is destined for specific function in the body, however, they have to work together in order to maintain homeostasis. Muscular system play major role in climbing uphill. The major muscle to be trained for climbing are abs, obliques, lower back, glutes and pelvic floor. The primary role of muscular system is the movements but it also helps to stabilize the joints, maintaining posture and temperature maintenance. They bring movement as they connected to skeleton and called as skeletal muscles. They are voluntary muscle. Cardiac and smooth muscles are involuntary muscles whose movements are critical for various physiological function within the body.   

The water balance is regulated by overall functioning of the cardiovascular, urinary, and lymphatic systems. The fluids are transported by both cardiovascular and lymphatic systems that sense both solute and water levels and regulate pressure. Similarly, the temperature maintenance is carried out by the cardiovascular, integumentary, respiratory, and muscular systems. If there is an increase in temperature, blood vessels in the integumentary system dilate allowing more blood to flow that enable heat to dissipate through the skin. Evaporation of sweat helps to cool the body. Cardiovascular system also respond for rise in temperature by triggering rapid breathing. Contrarily, is the body temperature falls, contraction of blood vessels and flow to the extremities helps in bringing back to the normal. The calcified bones of the skeleton also work with the circulatory system.

Energy demand is the biggest concern in climbing. It is regulated predominantly by endocrine system. Muscular system, cardiovascular system, digestive system and circulatory system work together to meet the energy demand. Liver plays important role in ensuring the availability of fuel in-between meals. Insulin influence anabolic process of glycogenesis and the reverse catabolic reaction of glycogenolysis is influenced by glucagon which will convert the glycogen back into glucose for release into the blood stream. This glucose enters the cell’s mitochondria for various biochemical processes includes, glycolysis, TCA cycle and ETC to produce ATP which acts as a fuel for all cellular events. Oxygen is critical for aerobic respiration and other cellular events and it is supplied by respiratory system. Lungs of the respiratory system is the central key for the gaseous exchange between the atmosphere and the bloo which is then sent to heart for circulation. Cardiovascular system along with the circulatory system eventually circulate the blood along with the nutrients and oxygen to meet the various energy demand of the body.