Why do lanthanoid ions have similar chemical properties even with variation of atomic number and have...

Why do lanthanoid ions have similar chemical properties even with variation of atomic number and have higher lifetime in excited states than transition metal ions ??

Expert Solution

Chemical properties of elements depend on the size of their ions, in periodic table size of atoms decreases from left to right with increase in atomic number.

In case of lanthanoids the atomic and ionic radaii decrease gradually from lanthanum to lutetium. This decrease in the atomic and ionic size along the lanthanoid seriess is known as Lanthanoid contraction.

The decrease in size from one element to the other element is smaller than that observed in case of transition series element. The decrease in size is attributed to the poor shielding effect from f electron in the second inner shell.

Therefore in lanthanoid elements difference in size from one element to the next is smaller, so they have similar chemical properties.

In case of lanthanoids the inner most f electrons gets excited when energy is supplied, this f electron are buried very much inside, so they are not affected by external environment and hence they have higher lifetime in excited state than transition metal ions.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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