Question

After identifying the conducting and respiratory zones, discuss the differences between internal and external respiration in terms of location, and forces that trigger them.

Answer 1

CONDUCTING AND RESPIRATORY ZONE

a) -conducting zone carries oxygen into the lungs and carbon dioxide out from the lungs

conducting zone consists

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles

these structures forms passage way for the move in and out of the lungs

b) -respiratory zone involves lung parrenchyma

respiratory zone consists

it is situated deep in the lungs and it is made up of

respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli

these structures allow the inhaled oxygen to diffuse into the lung cappillaries in exchange for carbon dioxide [ oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the lungs]

-EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL EXPIRATION

i) EXTERNAL EXPIRATION

is a physical process in which oxygen is taken up by cappillaries of lung alveoli and carbon dioxide is released from blood

Occurs between the environment and the respiratory organs

breathing is controlled by the medulla oblongatta and the pons

external respiration takes place in the lungs

it involves

-pulmonary ventilation

-gas exchange in the lungs

-gas transport

pulmonary pressure is mainly acts on the external respiration which causes respiration(inspiratory pressure)

when there is negative IPP occurs oxygen enters and after that carbon dioxide is exchanged and release from the lungs by expiration

ii) INTERNAL RESPIRATION

Process by which cells absorbes oxygen and release carbon dioxide

occurs between the blood and the cells in the different tissues of the body

also known as cellular respiration

not possible to hold the breath for long but can voluntarily stop respiration for small duration

it may be lead to decrease in the amount of oxygen level in the body.

if it is more time then (involuntary) the person loses conciousness and automatic control of breathing resumes

internal respiration takes place in the mitochondria

mainly O2 utilization

oxygen reaches cell by blood stream by blood pressure and enters inside cell utilized inside the cell in the mitochondria by different metabolism

all cells in the body requires oxygen and all cells release carbon dioxide which then transported back to the lung through blood