Explain in general terms how long potentiation in the hippocampus is invloved with memory formation and...

Explain in general terms how long potentiation in the hippocampus is invloved with memory formation and spatial learning.

Expert Solution

1.Brain area concerned with memory is HIPPOCAMPUS

2.Hippocampus converts short term memory into long term memory .

3.This conversion occurs in CA1 neurons ( Cornu Ammon neuron) memory neurons

4.This conversion is known as Consolidation / Long term Potentiation

5.Memory conversion happnes in REM sleep

6.HIPPOCAMPUS generate Theta waves memory waves during conversion .This conversion takes place on repeative stimulation or revision .

Mechanism of Long term Potentiation

A).On stimulation of CA1 neurons glutamate is released into synapse .On repeated stimulation like repeative activity or revison more amount of Glutamate is released in synapse

B).Glutamate acts on NMDA ( Nmethyl D aspartate ) / AMPA receptors present on post synaptic membrane and it has Calcium ion channels over it which help in entry of calcium into neurons.

C). CALCIUM act as second Messenger and produces lots of protein. Calcium activate Calmodulin and help in activation of Cacium Calmodulin kinase 2 which strengthen the synapse and help in long term term Potentiation .

D)Also kinases phosphorylate AMPA receptors increasing their conductance from move more receptors into synaptic cell membrane and help in Potentiation.

E)Strengthened synapse is Long term Potentiation synapse .

In this way it helps in memory formation .

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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