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Replacement Analysis DeYoung Entertainment Enterprises is considering replacing the latex molding machine it uses to fabricate rubber chickens with a newer, more efficient model. The old machine has a book value of $450,000 and a remaining useful life of 5 years. The current machine would be worn out and worthless in 5 years, but DeYoung can sell it now to a Halloween mask manufacturer for $135,000. The old machine is being depreciated by $90,000 per year for each year of its remaining life. If DeYoung doesn't replace the old machine, it will have no salvage value at the end of its useful life. The new machine has a purchase price of $775,000, an estimated useful life and MACRS class life of 5 years, and an estimated salvage value of $105,000. The applicable depreciation rates are 20.00%, 32.00%, 19.20%, 11.52%, 11.52%, and 5.76%. Being highly efficient, it is expected to economize on electric power usage, labor, and repair costs, and, most importantly, to reduce the number of defective chickens. In total, an annual savings of $205,000 will be realized if the new machine is installed. The company's marginal tax rate is 25% and the project cost of capital is 15%.
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a] | Purchase price of the new machine | $ -7,75,000 | ||||||
Sale value of old machine | $ 1,35,000 | |||||||
Book value of old machine | $ 4,50,000 | |||||||
Loss on sale = 450000-135000 = | $ 3,15,000 | |||||||
Tax shield on loss at 25% | $ 78,750 | |||||||
After tax sale value = 135000+78750 = | $ 2,13,750 | |||||||
Initial net cash flow | $ -5,61,250 | |||||||
b] | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
Depreciation of the new machine | $ 1,55,000 | $ 2,48,000 | $ 1,48,800 | $ 89,280 | $ 89,280 | |||
Depreciation of the old machine | $ 90,000 | $ 90,000 | $ 90,000 | $ 90,000 | $ 90,000 | |||
Incremental depreciation | $ 65,000 | $ 1,58,000 | $ 58,800 | $ -720 | $ -720 | |||
Tax shield at 25% | $ 16,250 | $ 39,500 | $ 14,700 | $ -180 | $ -180 | |||
c] | Salvage value of new machine at EOY 5 | $ 1,05,000 | ||||||
Book value = 775000*5.76% = | $ 44,640 | |||||||
Gain on sale | $ 60,360 | |||||||
Tax on sale at 25% | $ -15,090 | |||||||
After tax salvage value | $ 89,910 | |||||||
d] | After tax annual savings [205000*(1-25%)] | $ 1,53,750 | $ 1,53,750 | $ 1,53,750 | $ 1,53,750 | $ 1,53,750 | ||
Tax shield on incremental depreciation | $ 16,250 | $ 39,500 | $ 14,700 | $ -180 | $ -180 | |||
After tax salvage value at EOY 5 | $ 89,910 | |||||||
Total incremental project cash flows | $ -5,61,250 | $ 1,70,000 | $ 1,93,250 | $ 1,68,450 | $ 1,53,570 | $ 2,43,480 | ||
PVIF at 15% [PVIF = 1/1.15^t] | 1 | 0.86957 | 0.75614 | 0.65752 | 0.57175 | 0.49718 | ||
PV at 15% | $ -5,61,250 | $ 1,47,826 | $ 1,46,125 | $ 1,10,759 | $ 87,804 | $ 1,21,053 | ||
NPV | $ 52,316 |