Question

19.

How is the probability of something defined in terms of microstates and macrostates?

Quantum variation in macrostates

Numbers of alternate realities

Fraction of macrostates containing a microstate

Proportion of microstates that are in a macrostate 20. What was the first programmable machine? The Collosus at Bletchley Park Babbage's Analytical Machine Mauchly, Eckert, and von Neumann's ENIAC The Jacquard Loom 21. Phlogiston was proposed as an explanation for what phenomenon? Life Weather Transmutation Fire

Answer 1

How is the probability of something defined in terms of microstates and macrostates?

Proportion of microstates that are in a macrostate.

[20] Jacquard’s loom, which used metal cards with holes punched into them to specify the

weaving pattern, was the first programmable device. By changing the program (i.e., the

cards), the same loom could be used to produce different patterns. The idea of a

programmable machine was later adopted by Babbage for his Analytical Engine and

eventually led to modern, programmable computers. The use of punch cards for

representing data was also adopted by Babbage and early computer designers.

[21] fire

Phlogiston, in early chemical theory, hypothetical principle of fire, of which every combustible substance was in part composed. In this view, thephenomena of burning, now called oxidation, was caused by the liberation ofphlogiston, with the dephlogisticated substance left as an ash or residue.