In: Finance
Compute and Interpret Liquidity, Solvency and Coverage
Ratios
Balance sheets and income statements for Lockheed Martin
Corporation follow. Refer to these financial statements to answer
the requirements.
Income Statement | |||
---|---|---|---|
Year Ended December 31 (In millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
Net sales | |||
Products | $ 31,518 | $ 30,202 | $ 27,290 |
Service | 5,695 | 5,324 | 4,534 |
37,213 | 35,526 | 31,824 | |
Cost of sales | |||
Products | 28,800 | 27,879 | 25,306 |
Service | 5,073 | 4,765 | 4,099 |
Unallocated coporate costs | 803 | 914 | 443 |
34,676 | 33,558 | 29,848 | |
2,537 | 1,968 | 1,976 | |
Other income (expenses), net | 449 | 121 | 43 |
Operating profit | 2,986 | 2,089 | 2,019 |
Interest expense | 370 | 425 | 487 |
Earnings before taxes | 2,616 | 1,664 | 1,532 |
Income tax expense | 791 | 398 | 479 |
Net earnings | $ 1,825 | $ 1,266 | $ 1,053 |
Balance Sheet | ||
---|---|---|
December 31 (In millions) | 2005 | 2004 |
Assets | ||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ 2,244 | $ 1,060 |
Short-term investments | 429 | 396 |
Receivables | 4,579 | 4,094 |
Inventories | 1,921 | 1,864 |
Deferred income taxes | 861 | 982 |
Other current assets | 495 | 557 |
Total current assets | 10,529 | 8,953 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 3,924 | 3,599 |
Investments in equity securities | 196 | 812 |
Goodwill | 8,447 | 7,892 |
Purchased intangibles, net | 560 | 672 |
Prepaid pension asset | 1,360 | 1,030 |
Other assets | 2,728 | 2,596 |
Total assets | $ 27,744 | $ 25,554 |
Liabilities and stockholders' equity | ||
Accounts payable | $ 1,998 | $ 1,726 |
Customer advances and amounts in excess of costs incurred | 4,331 | 4,028 |
Salaries, benefits and payroll taxes | 1,475 | 1,346 |
Current maturities of long-term debt | 202 | 15 |
Other current liabilities | 1,422 | 1,451 |
Total current liabilities | 9,428 | 8,566 |
Long-term debt | 4,784 | 5,104 |
Accrued pension liabilities | 2,097 | 1,660 |
Other postretirement benefit liabilities | 1,277 | 1,236 |
Other liabilities | 2,291 | 1,967 |
Stockholders' equity | ||
Common stock, $1 par value per share | 432 | 438 |
Additional paid-in capital | 1,724 | 2,223 |
Retained earnings | 7,278 | 5,915 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (1,553) | (1,532) |
Other | (14) | (23) |
Total stockholders' equity | 7,867 | 7,021 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | $ 27,744 | $ 25,554 |
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows | |||
---|---|---|---|
Year Ended December 31 (In millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 |
Operating Activities | |||
Net earnings | $ 1,825 | $ 1,266 | $ 1,053 |
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities | |||
Depreciation and amortization | 555 | 511 | 480 |
Amortization of purchased intangibles | 150 | 145 | 129 |
Deferred federal income taxes | 24 | (58) | 467 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
Receivables | (390) | (87) | (258) |
Inventories | (39) | 519 | (94) |
Accounts payable | 239 | 288 | 330 |
Customer advances and amounts in excess of costs incurred | 296 | (228) | (285) |
Other | 534 | 568 | (13) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 3,194 | 2,924 | 1,809 |
Investing Activities | |||
Expenditures for property, plant and equipment | (865) | (769) | (687) |
Acquisition of business/investments in affiliated companies | (564) | (91) | (821) |
Proceeds from divestiture of businesses/Investments in affiliated companies | 935 | 279 | 234 |
Purchase of short-term investments, net | (33) | (156) | (240) |
Other | 28 | 29 | 53 |
Net cash used for investing activities | (499) | (708) | (1,461) |
Financing Activities | |||
repayment of long-term debt | (133) | (1,089) | (2,202) |
Issuances of long-term debt | -- | -- | 1,000 |
Long-term debt repayment and issuance costs | (12) | (163) | (175) |
Issuances of common stock | 406 | 164 | 44 |
Repurchases of common stock | (1,310) | (673) | (482) |
Common stock dividends | (462) | (405) | (261) |
Net cash used for financing activities | (1,511) | (2,166) | (2,076) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 1,184 | 50 | (1,728) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 1,060 | 1,010 | 2,738 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ 2,244 | $ 1,060 | $ 1,010 |
(a) Compute Lockheed Martin's current ratio and quick ratio for
2005 and 2004. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
2005 current ratio = Answer
2004 current ratio = Answer
2005 quick ratio = Answer
2004 quick ratio = Answer
Which of the following best describes the company's current ratio
and quick ratio for 2005 and 2004?
The current ratio has increased while the quick ratio has decreased in the period from 2004 to 2005, which suggests the company has a shortage of liquid assets.
Both the current and quick ratios have decreased from 2004 to 2005. The company is fairly illiquid.
Both the current and quick ratios have increased from 2004 to 2005. The company is fairly liquid.
The current ratio has decreased while the quick ratio has increased in the period from 2004 to 2005, which suggests the company has a shortage of current assets.
(b) Compute total liabilities-to-equity ratios and total
debt-to-equity ratios for 2005 and 2004. (Round your answers to two
decimal places.)
2005 total liabilities-to-stockholders' equity = Answer
2004 total liabilities-to-stockholders' equity = Answer
2005 total debt-to-equity = Answer
2004 total debt-to-equity = Answer
Which of the following best describes the company's total
liabilities-to-equity ratios and total debt-to-equity ratios for
2005 and 2004?
The total liabilities-to-equity ratio has decreased while the total debt-to-equity ratio has increased in the period from 2004 to 2005, which suggests the company has decreased the use of short-term debt financing.
The total liabilities-to-equity ratio has increased while the total debt-to-equity ratio has decreased in the period from 2004 to 2005, which suggests the company has increased the use of short-term debt financing.
Both the total liabilities-to-equity and total debt-to-equity ratios have increased from 2004 to 2005. These increases suggest that the company is less solvent.
Both the total liabilities-to-equity and total debt-to-equity ratios have decreased from 2004 to 2005. The difference between these two measures reveals that any solvency concerns would be for the short run.
(c) Compute times interest earned ratio, cash from operations to
total debt ratio, and free operating cash flow to total debt
ratios. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
2005 times interest earned = Answer
2004 times interest earned = Answer
2005 cash from operations to total debt = Answer
2004 cash from operations to total debt = Answer
2005 free operating cash flow to total debt = Answer
2004 free operating cash flow to total debt = Answer
Which of the following describes the company's times interest
earned, cash from operations to total debt, and free operating cash
flow to total debt ratios for 2005 and 2004? (Select all that
apply)
Answeryesno
Lockheed Martin's free operating cash flow to total debt ratio
increased slightly over the year 2005 due to increased cash flow
from operations and decreased levels of debt.
Answeryesno
Lockheed Martin's times interest earned decreased significantly
during 2005, due to both a decrease in profitability and an
increase in interest expense.
Answeryesno
Lockheed Martin's cash from operations to total debt ratio
increased slightly over the year 2005 due to increased cash flow
from operations and decreased levels of debt.
Answeryesno
Lockheed Martin's times interest earned increased significantly
during 2005, due to both an increase in profitability and a
decrease in interest expense.
(d) Summarize your findings in a conclusion about the company's
credit risk. Do you have any concerns about the company's ability
to meet its debt obligations?
Lockheed Martin's total debt-to-equity is very low, thus increasing any immediate solvency concerns. The company's ability to meet its debt requirements will depend on increasing short-term debt.
Lockheed Martin's quick ratio is very low, thus increasing immediate solvency concerns. The company's ability to meet its debt requirements will depend on liquidating inventories for emergency cash.
Lockheed Martin's times interest earned ratio is high, thus lessening any immediate solvency concerns. The company's ability to meet its debt requirements will depend on its continued profitability.
Lockheed Martin's total liabilities-to-equity is high, thus lessening any immediate solvency concerns. The company's ability to meet its debt requirements will depend on its use of equity financing.
(a): Current ratio = current assets/current liabilities
2005 current ratio = 10529/9428 = 1.12
2004 current ratio = 8953/8566 = 1.05
Quick ratio = (cash+short term investments+receivables)/current liabilities
2005 Quick Ratio = (2244+429+4579)/9428 = 0.77
2004 Quick Ratio = (1060+396+4094)/8566 = 0.65
The correct statement is: Both the current and quick ratios have increased from 2004 to 2005. The company is fairly liquid.
(b): Total liabilities to stockholders equity = (total liabilities + equity – equity)/equity
2005 Total liabilities to stockholders equity = (27744-7867)/7867 = 2.53
2004 Total liabilities to stockholders equity = ((25554-7021)/7021 = 2.64
Total debt to equity = (current maturities of long term debt + long term debt)/equity
2005 debt to equity ratio = (202+4784)/7867 = 0.63
2004 debt to equity ratio = (15+5104)/7021 = 0.73
The correct statement is: Both the total liabilities-to-equity and total debt-to-equity ratios have decreased from 2004 to 2005. The difference between these two measures reveals that any solvency concerns would be for the short run.
(c ): Times interest earned = Operating profit/Interest expense
2005 Times interest earned = 2986/370 = 8.07
2004 Times interest earned = 2089/425 = 4.92
Cash from operations to total debt ratio = cash flow from operations/total debt
2005 Cash from operations to total debt ratio = 3194/(202+4784) = 0.64
2004 Cash from operations to total debt ratio = 2924/ (15+5104)/ = 0.57
free operating cash flow to total debt = (cash flow from operations - capex)/total debt
2005 free operating cash flow to total debt = (3194-865)/(202+4784) = 0.47
2004 free operating cash flow to total debt = (2924-769)/(15+5104) = 0.42
(d): Lockheed Martin's times interest earned ratio is high, thus lessening any immediate solvency concerns. The company's ability to meet its debt requirements will depend on its continued profitability.