Most black bears (Ursus americanus) are black or brown in color. However, occasional white bears of...

Most black bears (Ursus americanus) are black or brown in color. However, occasional white bears of this species appear in some populations along the coast of British Columbia. Kermit Ritland and his colleagues determined that white coat color in these bears results from a recessive mutation (g) caused by a single nucleotide replacement in which guanine substitutes for adenine at the melanocortin-1 receptor locus (mcr1), the same locus responsible or red hair in humans. (K. Ritland, C. Newton, and H.D. Marshall. 2001. Current Biology 11: 1468-1472). The wild type allele at this locus (G) encodes the black or brown color. Ritland and his colleagues collected samples from bears on three islands and determined their genotypes at the mcr1 locus.

Genotype	number
GG	42
Gg	24
gg	21

a. What are the frequencies of the G and g alleles in these bears?

b. Give the genotypic frequencies expected if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Expert Solution

The total number of the population = 42+24+21 = 87

a. To find the frequency of G and g alleles the following formula is used:

frequency of G allele = {(number of GG population) + [(1/2)*(number of Gg population)]}/ total number of population

frequency of G allele = 42+[(1/2)*(24)]/87 = 42+12/87 = 54/87 = 0.62

frequency of g allele = {(number of gg population) + [(1/2)*(number of Gg population)]}/ total number of population

frequency of g allele = 21+[(1/2)*(24)]/87 = 21+12/87 = 33/87 = 0.38

Hence the frequency of G = 0.62 and that of g allele = 0.38

b. To find the genotypic frequencies expected in the population is:

Genotypic frequency of GG = (G allele frequency)² = (0.62)² = 0.38

Genotypic frequency of Gg = 2* G allele frequency * g allele frequency = 2*0.62*0.38 = 0.47

Genotypic frequency of gg = (g allele frequency)² = (0.38)² = 0.15

If you have any query kindly comment before giving thumbs up. Thank you.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

You have brown, pink, black, and white socks in a drawer (8 of each color). In...

You have brown, pink, black, and white socks in a drawer (8 of each color). In each of the following cases, what is the minimum number that you must take out to ensure that: a) You have a matching pair? b) You have two of different colors? c) You have at least 3 brown or 4 pink or 5 black or 7 white socks?

The white "Spirit" black bear (or Kermode) Ursus americanus kermodei, differs from the ordinary black bear...

The white "Spirit" black bear (or Kermode) Ursus americanus kermodei, differs from the ordinary black bear by a single amino acid change in the melanocortin 1 receptor gene (MC1R). In this population, the gene has two forms (or alleles): the "white" allele b and the "black" allele B. The trait is recessive: white bears have two copies of the white allele of this gene (bb), whereas a bear is black if it has one or two copies of the black...

A population of bears contains 56 animals with black fur and 25 animals with brown fur....

A population of bears contains 56 animals with black fur and 25 animals with brown fur. Black fur is the dominant trait. How would you calculate the frequency of the brown alleles (write out the equation(s) with the appropriate numbers as well as the answer)?

In dogs, the allele for black coat color (B) is dominant to the allele for brown...

In dogs, the allele for black coat color (B) is dominant to the allele for brown coat color (b). But if a dog has two copies of the recessive allele for a pigment-depositing gene (e), it can only have yellow coat color. In a cross of two doubly heterozygous black dogs (BbEe x BbEe), what fraction of the next generation would we expect to be yellow? WHY? a.1/8 b.1/4 c.2/3 d.3/16

Black fur color is dominant to white fur color and non-webbed toes are dominant to webbed...

Black fur color is dominant to white fur color and non-webbed toes are dominant to webbed toes. a dog with white fur and web toes is mated with a dog homozygous dominant for both black fur and non-webbed toes. Draw the resulting Punnett square from this cross. What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of their offspring.

You are studying the genetics of the fruit fly. Body color (brown or black) is controlled...

You are studying the genetics of the fruit fly. Body color (brown or black) is controlled by the b locus and wing size (long or short) is controlled by the vg locus. In cross 1, you mate two true-breeding strains and obtain the following progeny: cross 1: brown, short-winged male X black, long-winged female F1: all brown, long-winged flies a) Which phenotypes are dominant and which phenotypes are recessive? i) The recessive trait for body color is _____________________. ii) The...

In mice the allele for black coat color (B) is dominant to the allele for white...

In mice the allele for black coat color (B) is dominant to the allele for white coat color (b). The allele for long tail (T) is dominant to the allele for short tail (t). For the same cross: BbTt x bbTt a. Using the Probability Method illustrated in lecture, break the complex two-gene cross into two simple single-gene crosses (note that the Probability Method can be used if it is known that the alleles of the different genes Assort...

olour Paints Ltd (‘Paints’) is a public company of which Black, White and Brown are the...

olour Paints Ltd (‘Paints’) is a public company of which Black, White and Brown are the directors. Each of these directors controls a 10% shareholding in Paints. No other single shareholder holds more than a 5% shareholding in the company. Paints was established some time ago in order to improve the buying power of a number of smaller retailers of paints so that they might meet the competition of larger retail chains. For 6 years the company has actively pursued...

In cats with tortoiseshell coat color, the fur is white with patchy black and orange spots....

In cats with tortoiseshell coat color, the fur is white with patchy black and orange spots. In cats, the tortoiseshell gene is on the X chromosome, and the tortoiseshell phenotype requires the presence of 2 different alleles at this locus: one for orange fur (o) and one for black fur (b). Which phenomenon best explains why female cats can inherit tortoiseshell coat color? (A. In females, the alleles for coat color are pleiotropic, resulting in patches of orange and black...

A scientist is interested in whether the color of rice (white vs. brown) makes birds explode...

A scientist is interested in whether the color of rice (white vs. brown) makes birds explode with greater force. Six pigeons were captured in Liberty Park. Each was then force-fed five pounds of rice, and the power of the ensuing explosion was then measured: Explosion Strength Rice in Megatons White 2 White 2 White 3 Brown 8 Brown 9 Brown 10 Perform the one way ANOVA. What’s the between sum of squares (BSS)?

Question