Question

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Identify and briefly explain five factors that affect a persons basal metabolic rate.

2. Explain what determines the rate of digestion of the energy nutritients.

3. Identify and give an example of thirteen factors which influence food choices.

4. List three different methods of obtaining food intake data and describe the major uses, advantages, and limitations of each

Answer 1

1. Identify and briefly explain five factors that affect a persons basal metabolic rate.

Answer:-

• Age:- lean body mass deminishes with age, slowing the metabolic BMR
• Growth:- in children, teen, and pregnant women the BMR is higher.
• Body composition (gender):- more lean tissue means higher BMR. why men have a higher BMR
• Malnutrition:- lowers BMR
• Harmones:- the thyroid hormone thyroxin can speed up or slow down BMR
• Environmental temperature:- both heat and cold raise BMR.

2. Explain what determines the rate of digestion of the energy nutritients.

Answer:- the rate of digestion process involving enzymes are dependent on the pH of the surrounding fluids. pH is a measure of the acidity or basidity of a given solution. pH-7 being neutral, pH-1-6 being acidic, pH- 8-14 basic. The activity of amylase changes as the pH changes.

3. Identify and give an example of thirteen factors which influence food choices.

Answer:-

• Biological determinants:- hunger, appetite and taste.
• Economic determinants:- cost, income, availability.
• Social determinants:- culture, famt, peers, and meal patterns
• Physiological determinants:- mood, stress, guilt.
• Time& convenience:- we often eat whatever we have time for.
• Advertising:- advertisement and media create interest and desire for specific brands of foods.
• Personal taste:- there are something's we like , and something's we don't.
• Money:- we eat what we afford. Some people eat out a lot.
• Emotions:- emotions Mau cause you to make different decisions about what you eat which may cause you to eat more, less or not at all.

4. List three different methods of obtaining food intake data and describe the major uses, advantages, and limitations of each

Answer:-

Type of food intake:-

• At national level:- availability to meet nutritional levels.
• At household level:- studies of food related expenditure
• At household or individual level:- dietary surveys.

Food availability:- amount of food that is physically present in a country or area through all work of domestic production.