Question

Select the TRUE statement from the following:

Select one:

a. The outermost electrons of Fe3+ are more energetic than the outermost electrons of Fe0

b. When the Cr atom loses electrons to become positively charged, the first electrons lost are from the 3d subshell.

c. For any given element, the anion will be smaller than the neutral atom.

d. For any given element, the cation will be smaller than the neutral atom.

Answer 1

a)half filled and fully filled  orbitals have greater stability  than other configurations. Heigher the stability lower will be the energy.

Fe3+ (d5 configuration ) is more stable than FeO(Fe+2, d6 configuration) as Fe3+ has half filled orbitals( 1 electron in each d orbital ) .Thus outermost electrons of Fe3+ is less energetic , thus given statement is incorrect statement

B ) Cr is the member of 3d series . In 3d series the electron is removed from the 4s subshell instead of 3d . Thus given statement is also incorrect.

C)In general,anions are    larger than  the corresponding neutral atoms , since adding electrons increases the number of electron-electron repulsion interactions thus given statement is false

D). The size of cation is always smaller than  the corresponding neutral atom this is because cations have fewer electrons than thier corresponding neutral atom .When a particular atom looses electron, numbers of proton become more than no of electron and attraction forces increases so radius of cation decreases more. So the given statement is correct.