Question

1. What are the phases of Meiosis? -                                                                                              .                                            

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2. Describe independent assortment of chromosomes.__________________________________

                                                                          

                                                                                                                                                           

3. What is crossing over?                                                                                                         .                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     .
4. What is the biological significance of Mitosis?                                                                           .                                                                                                                                                

                                                                                                                                                           

10. What is the biological significance of Meiosis?                                                                         .                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                           

Answer 1

Ans 1) phases of meiosis:

Meiosis is divided into meiosis 1 and meiosis 2. Meiosis 1 and 2 are each divided into Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. Therefore meiosis includes the stages of meiosis 1 ( prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase 1 and telophase 1) and meiosis 2 ( prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2 and telophase 2).

Ans 2) Independent assortment ia the process where the chromosomes move randomly to separate poles during meiosis. A gamete will end up with 23 chromosomes after meiosis but independent assortment means that each gamete will have one of many different combinations of chromosomes.

Ans 3) Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis, which results in new allelic combimations in daughter cells.

Ans 4) Biological significance of mitosis:-

Mitosis is important because it is essential for the growth and repair of the body. In sexual reproduction mitosis is important indirectly. Ot allows the sexually reproducing organisms to grow  and develop from a single cell into mature individuals. In plants, mitosis is responsible for the growth of leaves, roots and stems along with other plant parts.

Ans 10) Biological significance of meiosis:

Meiosis is important because it ensures that all organisms produced via sexual reproduction contain the correct number of chromosomes. Meiosis also produces genetic variation by the way of the process of recombination.