Question

In: Statistics and Probability

A pharmaceutical company develops drugs to increase apoptosis in cancer cells. Each candidate drug is tested...

A pharmaceutical company develops drugs to increase apoptosis in cancer cells. Each candidate drug is tested in mice, using an experiment design that has 90% power at a = 1%. 1) For every 1000 drugs that have no real effect, about how many will the company mistakenly conclude work? 2) For every 1000 drugs that actually work, about how many will the company correctly conclude work?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Null Hypothesis H0 is that the drugs have no real effect.

Alternative Hypothesis H1 is that the drugs actually work to increase apoptosis in cancer cells.

Probability that when the drugs that have no real effect, the company will mistakenly conclude that the drugs work

= Probability that H1 is accepted to be true when in reality H0 is true

= Probability of Type I error = a = 1% = 0.01

Thus for every 1000 drugs that have no real effect, the company will mistakenly conclude that 0.011000 = 10 drugs work.

Probability that when the drugs actually work, the company will correctly conclude that the drugs work

= Probability that H1 is accepted to be true when in reality H1 is true

= 1 - Probability that H0 is accepted to be true when in reality H1 is true

= 1 - Probability of Type II error = Power = 90% = 0.9

Thus for every 1000 drugs that actually work, the company will correctly conclude that 0.91000 = 900 drugs work.

orchestra answered 1 year ago
Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

A pharmaceutical company develops a drug that the claim reduces the percentage of kids that are...
A pharmaceutical company develops a drug that the claim reduces the percentage of kids that are allergic to tree nuts . Suppose it is believed that 14% of kids are allergic to tree nuts. In a recent the company says that only 9% of kids that took the medication were allergic to tree nuts. The pharmaceutical company claims that that this drug has reduced the percentage of kids allergic to tree nuts. In a hypothesis test to test this claim...
Before drugs are tested on organisms, they are tested on cells and tissues, including cells in...
Before drugs are tested on organisms, they are tested on cells and tissues, including cells in culture and organs on chips. Explain what features of organs on chips make them more suitable than cell culture for testing drugs
Gama-Smith, a pharmaceutical company, develops new drugs for COVID-19 with other pharmaceutical companies that have the...
Gama-Smith, a pharmaceutical company, develops new drugs for COVID-19 with other pharmaceutical companies that have the appropriate production facilities. When Gama-Smith acquires a stake in a development project, it makes an initial payment to the other pharmaceutical company. It then makes a series of further stage payments until the drug development is complete and it has been approved by the relevant authorities. In the financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2019, Gama-Smith has treated the different stakes in...
Treatment of cells with the BOBA drug induces apoptosis of cells and leads to DNA fragmentation....
Treatment of cells with the BOBA drug induces apoptosis of cells and leads to DNA fragmentation. A) (4pts) Describe the cellular mechanism that causes DNA fragmentation during apoptosis to occur. (4 sentence max) B) (8pts) Describe an experiment, step by step, that can be used to determine how many hours after BOBA treatment DNA fragmentation occurs. (8 sentence max) C) (4pts) One of your friends said they would use an Annexin V and PI staining technique to identify how many...
A chemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate...
A chemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate molecules bind to a protein involved in cancer. The drug molecules bind the protein in a 1:1 ratio to form a drug-protein complex. The protein concentration in aqueous solution at 25 ∘C is 1.78×10−6 M . Drug A is introduced into the protein solution at an initial concentration of 2.00×10−6M. Drug B is introduced into a separate, identical protein solution at an initial concentration...
A chemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate...
A chemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate molecules bind to a protein involved in cancer. The drug molecules bind the protein in a 1:1 ratio to form a drug-protein complex. The protein concentration in aqueous solution at 25 ∘C is 1.66×10−6 M . Drug A is introduced into the protein solution at an initial concentration of 2.00×10−6M. Drug B is introduced into a separate, identical protein solution at an initial concentration...
A chemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate...
A chemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate molecules bind to a protein involved in cancer. The drug molecules bind the protein in a 1:1 ratio to form a drug-protein complex. The protein concentration in aqueous solution at 25 ∘C is 1.76×10−6 M . Drug A is introduced into the protein solution at an initial concentration of 2.00×10−6M. Drug B is introduced into a separate, identical protein solution at an initial concentration...
A chemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate...
A chemist at a pharmaceutical company is measuring equilibrium constants for reactions in which drug candidate molecules bind to a protein involved in cancer. The drug molecules bind the protein in a 1:1 ratio to form a drug-protein complex. The protein concentration in aqueous solution at 25 ∘C is 1.58×10−6 M . Drug A is introduced into the protein solution at an initial concentration of 2.00×10-6 M. Drug B is introduced into a separate, identical protein solution at an initial...
a pharmaceutical company claimed that their new drug is able to cure lung cancer. as a...
a pharmaceutical company claimed that their new drug is able to cure lung cancer. as a government regulator, you want the test results to show that the above claim is true beyond a reasonable doubt. (a) set up the null and alternative hypothesis for the above problem in words (b) explain briefly the type 1 error within the context of the above problem. what is the cost of making a type 1 error? (c) describe the type 2 error of...
Q1 .Researchers at GSK pharmaceutical company claims that they have developed a potential “candidate” drug to...
Q1 .Researchers at GSK pharmaceutical company claims that they have developed a potential “candidate” drug to cure coronavirus infection. Using an experimental research design, explain how this drug should be tested in the clinical trials in order to ensure its safety and effectiveness.
ADVERTISEMENT
Subjects
ADVERTISEMENT
Latest Questions
ADVERTISEMENT