Question

1. What is the basis on which considerations of “ethics”--comprising general rules of behavior, practical guides to action, or normative rules prescribing what “ought” to be done—create the foundations for decision making, under specified circumstances, in the form of ethical theories and principles

2. explain reflective equilibrium as a decision-making model

3. explain under which category reflective equilibrium fits in the inventory

4. explain how reflective equilibrium can be seen as a complement to the questions posed in Taylor’s The Ethics of Authenticity in a healthcare setting and, thus, can be seen as a tool in the ethical theory toolbox

5. In contemporary terms, what is Kant’s religious background and did it influence his formulation of the categorical imperative and the concept of duty

*** books used in this class: Charles Talylor's The Ethical of Authenticity, and Jim Summers, author of chapters 1 and 2 of Healthcare Ethics: Critical Issues for the 21^st Century ***

Answer 1

1) For any research investigation involving human subjects, there must be careful considration of ethical issues that may arise in the planning, conduct and reporting of the study .with very few exceptions, such research is not premitted unless the study has been approved by at least one formal ethics review committee.

Principles: The ethicial principles related to medical research involving human subjects , like scientific merit ( preferable in the judgement of an indepent scientific committe) , equitable selection of subjects, voluntariness (individuals and communities enrol,continue, or withdrew from study of their own free will, with full knowledge), informed consent, confidentiality, corecion , review and approval by ethics committees.

2) Reflective Equilibrium:-  This a process by which we try to figure out how we know if something is morally right or not and whether our belief about what is moral are consistent.There might be some situations where it's fairly clear what is and isn't right , its's often more complicated than . Reflective equilibrium is kind of like a methodological approach to moral reasoning and it requires us to evaluate our system of beliefs to decide whether or not we can justify them.

3) Equilibrium in the goods market occurs when the supply of goods equal to demand for goods. If these are indeed equal for a particular time period, there is no unintended inventory investment are there is goods market equilibrium. Equilibrium is consider under the inventory control . ineventory control enables the maximum amount of profit from the least amount of the investment in inventory without affecting customer satisfection.