Question

Describe the developmental origin of the adrenal glands. For the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone, explain how synthesis of the hormones are regulated in the adult. What would be the consequences of a sudden failure of adrenocortical function and over production of hormones? (500words)

Answer 1

Ans-

Developmental origin :-

Development of adrenal gland occurs from 2 different embryoligical tissue.

1.neural crest ectoderm? medulla

2.intermediate mesoderm? Cortex

After formation of medulla, mesodermal cell surround the medulla.Where, fetal cortex develop in center and permanent cortex surrounding.

Regulation of cortisol and aldosterone:-

*Consequences of sudden failure(hyposecretion)

1. Autoimmune disease (most common) - for unknown reason, immune system views the adrenal cortex as forigen.

2.Hypothalamic Disease- low CRH

Cause- brain tumor and sudden withdrawl from long term steroid use.

*over production-

1. Cushing syndrome- excessive corticosteroid, very high amount of ACTH in pituatry gland.

2. High B.P. - high level of secretion of aldosterone.