Question

1.- the protection provided through transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus is an example of

1. active immunity
2. autoimmunity
3. cell-meditate immunity
4. clonal selection
5. passive immunity

2.- in mammalian defenses against invading pathogens, all of these are considered nonspecific defense mechanisms except

1. the inflammatory response
2. acquire immunity
3. mucous membrane
4. the skin

3.- antigens are

1. proteins that consists of two light and two heavy chain polypeptide chains
2. proteins that are not your own
3. proteins on the surface of B-cell membranes
4. proteins on the surface of macrophage membranes
5. proteins on the surface of T-cell membrane

4.- generally speaking vaccinations are effective in combatting future infections because they induce the production of

1. neutrophils
2. helper T cells
3. mutation in the host genome
4. memory cells

5.- most allergy medicines contain antihistamines that block the actions of histamine. These drugs reduce cold symptoms by directly

1. lysing virus-infected cells and preventing further propagation of the pathogen
2. blocking or reducing the inflammation response in mucous membrane
3. recruiting macrophages to the nasal epithelium
4. stimulating components of the immune system through the release of cytokines
5. stimulating the production of a specific antibodies

6.- the quick response of the immune system to a second infection is due to the ____, a feature of the immune system as demonstrated by the success of vaccines

1. activation of macrophage cells
2. innate immune system
3. suppression of supervisor cells
4. new cytotoxic T cell
5. adaptive immune system

7.- which immune system can respond to any pathogen, even those that have never been encountered before ?

1. cell-mediated
2. adaptive
3. innate
4. inflammatory response
5. antibody-mediate

8.- as part of the inflammatory response, ______ engulf and destroy invading bacteria

1. antibodies
2. dead skin cells
3. Histamines
4. mast cells
5. macrophages

9.- Eutherian mammals are uniquely defined by

1. the young developing in a pouch
2. having a placenta
3. having fur
4. longer gestation periods because of more highly developed placentas
5. laying eggs

Answer 1

Q1.

Answer-: passive immunity.

Maternal passive immunity is a type of naturally acquired passive immunity, and refers to antibody-mediated immunity conveyed to a fetus or infant by its mother. Naturally acquired passive immunity can be provided during pregnancy, and through breastfeeding.

Q2.

Answer-: acquire immunity.

In mammalian defenses against invading pathogens, all of these are considered nonspecific defense mechanisms except acquire immunity.

Q3.

Answer-: option C

antigen  is a protein or molecular structure.

may be present at the outside of a pathogen, that can be bound to by an antigen-specific antibody or B cell antigen receptor (BCR)

Q4.

Answer-: helper T cells.

Most of the vaccines inducing B lymphocytes to produce antibodies.

vaccinations are effective in combatting future infections because they induce the production of helper T cells

activation of T-cells helps protect against disease is also help activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes.