Question

New Stock Issue

Bynum and Crumpton Inc. (B&C), a small jewelry manufacturer, has been successful and has enjoyed a positive growth trend. Now B&C is planning to go public with an issue of common stock, and it faces the problem of setting an appropriate price for the stock. The company and its investment banks believe that the proper procedure is to conduct a valuation and select several similar firms with publicly traded common stock and to make relevant comparisons.
Several jewelry manufacturers are reasonably similar to B&C with respect to product mix, asset composition, and debt/equity proportions. Of these companies, Abercrombe Jewelers and Gunter Fashions are most similar. When analyzing the following data, assume that the most recent year has been reasonably "normal" in the sense that it was neither especially good nor especially bad in terms of sales, earnings, and free cash flows. Abercrombe is listed on the AMEX and Gunter on the NYSE, while B&C will be traded in the Nasdaq market.

Company data	Abercrombe		Gunter		B&C
Shares outstanding	5 million		12 million		500,000
Price per share	$30.00		$51.00		NA
Earnings per share	$2.20		$3.13		$2.60
Free cash flow per share	$1.63		$2.54		$1.90
Book value per share	$16.00		$20.00		$19.00
Total assets	$115 million		$290 million		$13.5 million
Total debt	$35 million		$50 million		$4 million

1. B&C is a closely held corporation with only 500,000 shares outstanding. Free cash flows have been low and in some years negative due to B&C's recent high sales growth rates, but as its expansion phase comes to an end B&C's free cash flows should increase. B&C anticipates the following free cash flows over the next 5 years:

   Year	1	2	3	4	5
   FCF	$1,000,000	$1,050,000	$1,208,000	$1,329,000	$1,462,000

   After Year 5, free cash flow growth will be stable at 7% per year. Currently, B&C has no non-operating assets, and its WACC is 12%. Using the free cash flow valuation model, estimate B&C's intrinsic value of equity and intrinsic per share price. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers for the value of equity to the nearest dollar and for the value of equity per share to the nearest cent.

   Value of equity	$
   Per share value of equity	$

2. Calculate debt to total assets, P/E, market to book, P/FCF, and ROE for Abercrombe, Gunter, and B&C. For calculations that require a price for B&C, use the per share price you obtained with the corporate valuation model in Part a. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to two decimal places.

   	Abercrombe		Gunter		B&C
   D/A		%		%		%
   P/E
   Market/Book
   ROE		%		%		%
   P/FCF

3. Using Abercrombe's and Gunter's P/E, Market/Book, and Price/FCF ratios, calculate the range of prices for B&C's stock that would be consistent with these ratios. For example, if you multiply B&C's earnings per share by Abercrombe's P/E ratio you get a price. What range of prices do you get? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to the nearest cent.

   The range of prices:
   from $   to $  

   How does this compare with the price you get using the corporate valuation model?

   The price obtained with the corporate valuation model is -Select-withinout ofItem 20 this range of prices.

Answer 1

Ans.

a)

Value of equity:

Cash flow in year 5 = $1,462,000

Growth rate after year 5 = 7% (given)

So , cash flow from 6th year onwards = 1,462,000 + 7% = $1,564,340

By using growth perpetuity formula = Future cash flow / Ke - g

where,

Future cash flow = $1,564,340

Ke = WACC = 12%

g = Growth =7%

Continuous value = $1,564,340 / 12% - 7% = $31,286,800

Calculating present values of Cash Flows:

Year	Free Cash Flows	Present Value factor @ 12%	Present Value of Cash Flows
1	$      1,000,000.00	0.892857143	$        892,857.14
2	$      1,050,000.00	0.797193878	$        837,053.57
3	$      1,208,000.00	0.711780248	$        859,830.54
4	$      1,329,000.00	0.635518078	$        844,603.53
5	$      1,462,000.00	0.567426856	$        829,578.06
6	$    31,286,800.00	0.567426856	$ 17,752,970.55
			$ 22,016,893.39

The total value of B & C = $22,016,893 (rounded off to nearest dollar)

value of debt = $4,000,000

The value of equity = Total value - value of debt = $ 22,016,893 - $4,000,000 = $18,016,893

Number of shares outstanding = 500,000

so price per share =$ 18,016,893 / 500,000 shares = $36.034

b)

	Abercrombe	Gunter	B & C
D / A (Debt / Assets)	(35 / 115)*100 = 30.43%	(50 / 290)*100 = 17.24%	(4 / 13.5)*100 = 29.63%
P / E (Market Price / EPS)	30 / 2.2 = 13.64	51 / 3.13 = 16.29	36.034 / 2.6 = 13.86
MARKET / BOOK	30 / 16 = 1.875	51 / 20 = 2.55	36.034 / 19 = 1.90
ROE (EPS / BOOK VALUE)	(2.2 / 16)*100 = 13.75%	(3.13 / 20)*100 = 15.65%	(2.6 / 19)*100 = 13.68%
P / FCF(Market Price / FCF)	30 / 1.63 = 18.40	51 / 2.54 = 20.08	36.034 / 1.90 = 18.97

c)

Range of prices:

using P/E ratio:

Abercrombe Gunter

	Abercrombe	Gunter
P/E Ratio (a)	13.64	16.29
EPS of B&C (b)	2.6	2.6
Price of B & C (a*b)	35.464	42.354

Using M/B values:

	Abercrombe	Gunter
M/B Ratio (a)	1.875	2.55
Book Value of B&C (b)	19	19
Price of B & C (a*b)	35.625	48.45

Using Price / FCF Ratios:

	Abercrombe	Gunter
P/FCF Ratio (a)	18.4	20.08
FCF of B&C (b)	1.9	1.9
Price of B & C (a*b)	34.96	38.152

According to the calculation above:

Range = lowest price to highest price

Range = 34.96 to 48.45

Price of B&C = $36.034

So the price is Within the range.