Question

program planning models organize the steps and actions needed to reach the intended program goals and objectives. Public health behavioral theories are used to explain health, and established theories provide evidence based support for your proposed intervention.

select a program planning model and public health theory to create a framework for your program intervention. write 750-1000 word paper detailing the model and theory used to implement your program. include the following

1: describe your chosen model. why is this model relevant to public health? explain why this model is best for the implementation of your project.

2: apply this model to your propose program include a description of each step or phase. project how the chosen model will support your proposed goal and objectives for your proposed intervention

3: describe your chosen health behavorial theory. explain why this theory is best for the implementation of your project. project how the chosen theory will support your proposed goal and objectives for your proposed intervention.

Answer 1

1.Program planning model is generally defined as “a set of steps, tasks, or decisions which, when carried out, produce the design and outcome specifications for a systematic instructional activity” (Sork & Buskey).

The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is a comprehensive structure for assessing health needs for designing, implementing, and evaluating health promotion and other public health programs to meet those needs. PRECEDE provides the structure for planning a targeted and focused public health program.

• PRECEDE stands for Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation. It involves assessing the following community factors:
  • Social assessment: Determine the social problems and needs of a given population and identify desired results.
  • Epidemiological assessment: Identify the health determinants of the identified problems and set priorities and goals.
  • Ecological assessment: Analyze behavioral and environmental determinants that predispose, reinforce, and enable the behaviors and lifestyles are identified.
  • Identify administrative and policy factors that influence implementation and match appropriate interventions that encourage desired and expected changes.
  • Implementation of interventions.
• PROCEED stands for Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development. It involves the identification of desired outcomes and program implementation:
  • Implementation: Design intervention, assess availability of resources, and implement program.
  • Process Evaluation: Determine if program is reaching the targeted population and achieving desired goals.
  • Impact Evaluation: Evaluate the change in behavior.
  • Outcome Evaluation: Identify if there is a decrease in the incidence or prevalence of the identified negative behavior or an increase in identified positive behavior.

2.Implementation Considerations

The PRECEDE-PROCEED model provides a structure that supports the planning and implementation of health promotion or disease prevention programs. This model has worked well for many health promotion topics, and can effectively support one-time interventions or long-running programs. Like the Community Readiness Model, PRECEDE-PROCEED invites participation from community members, and has the potential to increase community ownership of the program. When determining whether to use PRECEDE-PROCEED as a model for health promotion or disease prevention programs, it is important to consider whether all parts of the model are appropriate for the program and the resources available to support implementation. It is also important to remember that components of the plan may be adapted over time, as needed.

3.Models of behavior change have been developed to guide strategies to promote healthy behaviors and facilitate effective adaptation to and coping with illness. The corresponding theories focus on a range of factors influencing behavior determinants, including facts within an individual (such as thoughts, feelings and beliefs), factors in groups or relationships, and factors that exist in organizations and communities (such as structures, regulations, policies and laws). The concept of community itself has been defined repeatedly. Most of these definitions include two basic features: locality and quality, or structure and function. Structure refers to an area with geographic boundaries. Function describes shared values, norms, communication, and helping patterns. This function is also the major operating force in community psychology interventions.