Question

A businessman in Iowa returned from a trip to Japan and a few other countries a few months previously. He had a very sore throat. He had been treated with beta-lactam drugs but was not cured. The man reported that he had unprotected sex including oral while overseas. The gram stain of his throat showed a gram-negative coccus. He was treated with a newer generation beta-lactam drug and still did not cure the pharyngitis. He also showed signs of an infection of the genitourinary tract with purulent discharge from the penile region.   Samples were taken to grow a potential bacterium from both regions of his body.

Questions

1. What is the most likely pathogen causing this pharyngitis? What was the source of transmission? Name two other organisms that cause pharyngitis.

2. Discuss in detail the properties of the microbe? Does it have methods of immune evasion?

3. Discuss in detail the pathogenesis of the disease from initial exposure to final outcome.   What are the complications?

Answer 1

pharyngitis caused by group A streptococcus.

the source of transmission is STI STD (sexually transmitted disease or infection) .

other organisms that cause pharyngitis--gonorrhea, chlamydia, and corynebacterium.

The properties of the microbe is that the- Group A streptococcus (GAS) bacteria is a Gram positive, beta-hemolytic. This may cause infection when a person has sores or other breaks in the skin, thus it allow the bacteria to get into the tissue.

Yes, it have methods of immune evasion. Immune evasion is developed by pathogenic organisms evade a host's immune response and again transmitted to a fresh host or to continue growing and cause infection.

Discuss in detail the pathogenesis of the disease from initial exposure to final outcome:-

• these group A streptococci spread through the direct contact with mucus from the nose or throat of persons who infected with this bacterial disease. Through the contact with infected wounds or sores on the skin or any breakage on the skin.
• The persons, who have strep throat or skin infections, are most likely to spread the infection.
• Though the opening on skin, this bacteria can enter into the body.
• Then it spread inside the all over the body, thorugh blood streame. Now finally it cause infection.

The main complications is that it is mostly asymptomatic. And is uable to detect easily or critical to diagnosis. It needs too much time to cure properly.  

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