Linda is a 22-year-old white female presenting signs of sever poison ivy dermatitis (red rash, itching,...

Linda is a 22-year-old white female presenting signs of sever poison ivy dermatitis (red rash, itching, swelling, and blisters). She stated that she was exposed to poison ivy last year but barely noticed any signs of it. Explain why her first exposure was very mild, but her second exposure was severe in terms of her immune system. If you performed an immune cell blood profile, which leukocyte would you expect to be elevated?

Expert Solution

Answer :

Most people do not have an Immune response to poison ivy, the first time they are exposed to it. This is an example of delayed hypersensitivity. Upon first exposure, the T-cells recognize the antigen and there are memory cells created for it. Upon the second exposure, there is an immune response known as dermatitis.
The poison ivy plant releases a chemical substance known as Urishiol which enters the skin where it is metabolized. This is recognized by the T-lymphocyte which in turn activates the macrophages through cytokines. The antigen is then phagocytosed by the macrophage but during this process they also damage the skin cells resulting in the inflammation seen on the skin.

In the case of Linda, there is this type of delayed hypersensitivity seen which lead to red rashes, itching, swelling and blisters. In her immune cell blood profile, T4 lymphocytes will be elevated. There will also be increase in the number of eosinophils and IgE antibodies.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

Sarah, a 45-year-old female presents to the outpatient office complaining of red, “itching, burning, gooey” eyes....

Sarah, a 45-year-old female presents to the outpatient office complaining of red, “itching, burning, gooey” eyes. She reports noticing discomfort three days ago after returning from a weekend vacation to a waterpark. Sarah reports trying to rinse her eyes out with contact lens solution several times yesterday, but feels this is not helping. She denies any fever or chills. She has a past history of seasonal allergies, and occasionally takes Zyrtec PRN for nasal congestion. Her last dose was yesterday....

The patient is a 60-year-old white female presenting to the emergency department with acute onset shortness of breath.

The patient is a 60-year-old white female presenting to the emergency department with acute onset shortness of breath. She is able to speak in short sentences only. Symptoms began approximately 2 days before and have progressively worsened. Patient has a history of hypertension and COPD. She weighs 220lbs. Vital signs as follows T98.6, HR 122, RR 28, BP 168/90Initial exam, patient unable to breathe comfortably in a supine position. Sitting upright in bed. Cap refill 8sec-Lower extremities 4+pedal edema JVD...

The patient, Suzanne Morris, is a 43-year-old white female presenting with complaints of increasing abdominal cramps,...

The patient, Suzanne Morris, is a 43-year-old white female presenting with complaints of increasing abdominal cramps, stomach ache, and diarrhea that started 4 days ago. Ms. Morris arrived by private vehicle and has been here for 1 hour. Ms. Morris was diagnosed 10 days ago with peptic ulcer disease and prescribed triple combination therapy of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and pantoprazole for H. pylori. She has been consistently taking the medications. Ms. Morris does not have any other significant previous medical or...

COPD WK is a 60-year-old white female presenting to the emergency department with acute onset shortness...

COPD WK is a 60-year-old white female presenting to the emergency department with acute onset shortness of breath. Symptoms began approximately 2 days before and had progressively worsened with no associated, aggravating, or relieving factors noted. She had similar symptoms approximately 1 year ago with an acute, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation requiring hospitalization. She uses BiPAP ventilatory support at night when sleeping and has requested to use this in the emergency department due to shortness of breath and...

A 25-year-old female client presents to the clinic for evaluation of itching and discomfort in the...

A 25-year-old female client presents to the clinic for evaluation of itching and discomfort in the genital area, accompanied by painful urination. The client states that the symptoms started about a week ago and have been getting progressively worse. During the interview, the client states that she had a urinary infection a few months ago. She is sexually active. Upon physical examination, the nurse notes mild reddening of the vaginal walls and a foul-smelling discharge. The nurse asks the client...

A 22 year old client comes in for evaluation of a skin rash. She think she...

A 22 year old client comes in for evaluation of a skin rash. She think she may have psoriasis. For several years, she has completed of a white scaly rash that comes and goes. When preforming an initial work up history, what questions would you ask the client regarding the skin rash? 2. The client asks you to explain what kind of disease psoriasis is and would like you to discuss how the scaly patches develop. What is your response?...

linda is a 45 year old female with mild to moderate lumbar pain and knee pain...

linda is a 45 year old female with mild to moderate lumbar pain and knee pain that has persisted for more than six months. she has mild relief with rest and non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. her pain worsens with exercise what are the advantages/ disadvantages of the option should she try one therapy or treatment option at a time or consider a combination approach why? would she benefit from beginning her treatment with less invasive options? Are there downsides to...

Linda Shaw is a 56-year-old female who was brought to the hospital by EMS on December...

Linda Shaw is a 56-year-old female who was brought to the hospital by EMS on December 23, 2019. She presented to the emergency department with complaints of shortness of breath. She has had a productive cough for 3 days with a fever. She is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and septicemia. She has a history of cellulitis, iron deficiency, high cholesterol and hypertension. She has an allergy to penicillin and vancomycin. She is taking ramipril 10mg daily, atorvastatin 20...

S.D. is a 17 year old Somali female presenting to the primary care office with fever...

S.D. is a 17 year old Somali female presenting to the primary care office with fever and diarrhea. She states she has had similar episodes over the past few years, but none as severe as the present episode. She does not weigh herself consistently, so she is not aware of weight loss or gain, but states that her clothes are looser than normal. Vital Signs: ● Temperature 37.2C ● Pulse 102 ● Respiration 16 ● BP 102/62 ● O2 saturation...

. Mrs. Jones, a 40-year-old female patient, is presenting for a history and physical. The nurse...

. Mrs. Jones, a 40-year-old female patient, is presenting for a history and physical. The nurse gathers a family history from the patient. She shares that her mother died at 70 years of age of colon cancer and had adult onset diabetes controlled with oral agents, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. She had a stroke before passing away. Her father died at 67 years of age from a stroke. He had a long history of alcoholism and smoked two packs per day...

Question