Problem 20.26
A voltaic cell similar to that shown in Figure 20.5 in the textbook is constructed. One electrode compartment consists of an aluminum strip placed in a solution of Al(NO3)3, and the other has a nickel strip placed in a solution of NiSO4. The overall cell reaction is
2Al(s)+3Ni2+(aq)→2Al3+(aq)+3Ni(s)
Part A
What is being oxidized?
Express your answer as a chemical expression.

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Part B
What is being reduced?
Express your answer as a chemical expression.

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Part C
Write the half-reactions that occur in the two electrode compartments.
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.

anode reaction:
3Ni2++6e−→3Ni

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Part D
Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.

cathode reaction:

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Part E
Which electrode is the anode, and which is the cathode?

Which electrode is the anode, and which is the cathode?

Al electrode is the anode, Ni electrode is the cathode.
Ni electrode is the anode, Al electrode is the cathode.

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Part F
Indicate the signs of the electrodes.

Indicate the signs of the electrodes.

Ni electrode is negative, Al electrode is positive.
Al electrode is negative, Ni electrode is positive.

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Part G
Do electrons flow from the aluminum electrode to the nickel electrode, or from the nickel to the aluminum?

Do electrons flow from the aluminum electrode to the nickel electrode, or from the nickel to the aluminum?

Electrons flow from the aluminum electrode to the nickel electrode.
Electrons flow from the nickel electrode to the aluminum electrode.

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Part H
In which directions do the cations and anions migrate through the solution? Assume the Al is not coated with its oxide.

In which directions do the cations and anions migrate through the solution? Assume the  is not coated with its oxide.

Cations migrate to the nickel electrode, anions migrate to the aluminum electrode.
Cations and anions migrate to the aluminum electrode.
Cations and anions migrate to the nickel electrode.
Cations migrate to the aluminum electrode, anions migrate to the nickel electrode.

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K_sp for PbCl₂ is 10^-5. Determine if a percipitate will form when following solutions are mixed:

100mL of 0.002 M Pb(NO₂₎₂ + 100mL 0.02 M KCl

Find molar solubility of BaF₂ (K_sp=10^-7) in 0.001 M NaF

Determine the rate law for the overall reaction (where the overall rate constant is represented as k).

Step 1 A -> B+C slow

step 2 C + D -> E fast

overall A+D -> B+E

Rate = ??

Show work

3. Diet cola drinks have a pH of about 3.0, while milk has a pH of about 7.0. How many times greater is the H3O+ concentration in diet cola than in milk? A) 2.3 times higher in diet cola than in milk B) 400 times higher in diet cola than in milk C) 0.43 times higher in diet cola than in milk D) 1,000 times higher in diet cola than in milk E) 10,000 times higher in diet cola than in milk

4. A 5.5 L sample of a 0.25 M HNO3 solution is mixed with 1.2 L of a 0.34 M HCl solution. What is the pH of the mixture? A) 0.23 B) 0.57 C) 1.07 D) 0.50 E) 0.84

5. Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H3PO4(aq) + HSO4–(aq) H2PO4–(aq) + H2SO4(aq). Ka1(H3PO4) = 7.5 × 10–3; Ka(H2SO4) = very large A) to the right B) to the left C) in the middle

6. Predict the direction in which the equilibrium will lie for the reaction H2SO3(aq) + HCO3– (aq) HSO3–(aq) + H2CO3(aq). Ka1(H2SO3) = 1 × 10–2; Ka1(H2CO3) = 4.2 × 10–7 A) to the right B) to the left C) in the middle

7. Which one of these salts will form a basic solution upon dissolving in water? A) NaI B) NaF C) NH4NO3 D) LiBr E) Cr(NO3)3

8. Which one of these salts will form an acidic solution upon dissolving in water? A) LiBr B) NaF C) NH4Br D) KOH E) NaCN

9. Which one of the following salts will form an acidic solution on dissolving in water? A) LiBr B) NaF C) KOH D) FeCl3 E) NaCN

Explain the significance of charge balance and mass balance.

III. Buffer Solutions

A. Buffer 1

i. Measure out 10.0 mL of 1.0 M CH₃COOH and 25.0 mL of 1.0 M sodium acetate (NaCH₃COO) into a beaker

2. What is the concentration of acetic acid in this solution after mixing. (include units) [CH₃COOH] ?

3. What is the concentration of acetate ion in this solution after mixing.(include units) [CH₃COO^-] ?

4. Calculate the expected pH of this buffer solution.

5. Measured pH of this buffer solution pH: 5.31

I have no idea how to do number 2,3,4 and I have to repeat these processes/ questions for different solutions. If you could show me how to do these, I would greatly appreciate it! Thank you so much in advance.

1.  The dipole moment of BrCl is 0.518 D and the distance between atoms is 213.9 pm. What is the percent ionic character of the BrCl bond?

A first-order reaction has a half-life of 17.3 minutes. What is the time required for the reactant concentration to decrease to 2.0% of it's origional value?

Thank you!

An aqueous solution contains 0.392 M ethylamine (C₂H₅NH₂).

How many mL of 0.313 M hydrobromic acid would have to be added to 225 mL of this solution in order to prepare a buffer with a pH of 10.700?

Why would a repeating unit of PET (polyethyleneterephthalate) be used to calculate the limiting reagent and yield instead of the molecular weight of the polymer? Is it just because it is a polymer and only its monomer needs to be taken into account?

Caffeine, a stimulant found in coffee, tea, and energy drinks, contains C, H, O, and N.
Combustion of 1.000 mg of caffeine produces 1.813 mg CO2, 0.4639 mg H2O, and 0.2885 mg N2.
Calculate the molecular formula of caffeine, whose molar mass lies between 150 and 200 g/mol.

In step four of glycolysis, the C6 species is split into two C3 species, the two trioses that are produced are not identicle. Name these two trioses. Which of these two C3 species is a glycolysis intermediate? What is the fate of the other triose?

In discussing molecular rotation, the quantum number JJ is used rather than ll. The bond length is 141.4pmpm.

Part A : Calculate E_rot/K_BT for ¹H^{_^81}Br  for J=0 at 334 KK .

Part B: Calculate E_rot/K_BT  for ¹H⁸¹Br for J =5 at 334 KK .

An empty glass container has a mass of 418.634 grams. It has a mass of 419.514 grams after it has been filled with nitrogen gas at a pressure of 790 mmHg and a temperature of 15^oC. When the container is evacuated and refilled with a certain element X at a pressure of 745 mmHg and a temperature of 26^oC, it has a mass of 420.652 grams.

            Compound Y, a gaseous organic compound that consists of 88.9% carbon and 11.1 % hydrogen by mass, is placed in a stainless steel vessel ( 10.68 L) with excess oxygen gas. The vessel is placed in a constant temperature bath at 22^oC. The pressure in the vessel is 9.970 atm. In the bottom of the vessel is a container that is packed with ascarite and a desiccant. Ascarite is asbestos impregnated with sodium hydroxide; it reacts with and quantitatively absorbs carbon dioxide:

               2NaOH (s) + CO₂ (g) → Na₂CO₃(s) + H₂O(l)

            The desiccant is anhydrous magnesium perchlorate, which quantitatively absorbs the water produced by the combustion reaction as well as the water produced by the above reaction. Neither the Ascarite nor the desiccant reacts with compound Y or oxygen. The total mass of the container with the Ascarite and the desiccant is 746.3 grams.

            The combustion of compound Y is initiated by a spark. The pressure in the container immediately rises, then begins to decrease and finally reaches a steady value of 1.51 atm.The stainless vessel is carefully opened and the mass of the container inside the vessel is found to be 878.7 grams.

            X and Y react quantitatively in a 2:1 mole ratio to form one mole of the single product, gas Z.

a)How many grams of Z will be produced if 11.0 L of X and 9.60 L of Y (each at STP) are reacted by opening a stopcock connecting the 2 sample containers?

b)What will be the total pressure in the system? Assume all reactants and products are gases. Temp = 0^oC

I have found that element x is cl2, but i think that element y is c4h6, but I'm not sure so i would appreciate the work, and i would also appreciate working on a and b in full detail. This is due tomorrow, so please help me! Thank you :)