Calculate the total ionization energy for the formation of C⁴⁺ from a gaseous C atom.

The balanced equation for the reaction of aqueous Pb(ClO3)2 with aqueous NaI is shown below. What mass of precipitate will form if 1.50 L of concentrated Pb(ClO3)2 is mixed with 0.200 L of 0.190 M NaI? Assume the reaction goes to completion.

The concept of entropy, and the second law of thermodynamics have often been used ( usually misused in reality) to " explain" all kinds of things. It is frequently up to chemists to set the record straight in such cases. One argument that has been used to "disprove" evolution goes something like this: "Living beings are more complex than nonliving systems. Furthermore, humans are more biologically complex than lower life forms such as monkeys. Entropy is a measure of randomness, the opposite of complexity. The evolution of life from non life, or of a more complex organism from less complex ones must then increase the organizational complexity, and thus decrease the entropy." The second law of thermodynamics tells us that in a spontaneous process the entropy must increase and can never decrease. Therefore spontaneous evolution, either as the ultimate source of life, or or in the development of more complex living systems, is impossible. From the thermodynamic perspective, this statements fatally flawed. A. Explain why it is flawed B. What would a correctly applied entropy argument say about evolution?

A coal contains 73.0 wt% C, 4.7% H (not including the hydrogen in the coal moisture) 3.7% S 6.8% H2O, and 11.8% ash. The coal is burned at a rate of 50,000lbm/h in a power plant boiler with air 50% in excess of that needed to oxidize all the carbon in the coal to CO2. The air and coal are both fed at 77�F and 1 atm. The solid residue from the furnace is analyzed and is found to contain 28.7 wt% C. 1.6% S. and the balance ash. The coal sulfur oxidized in the furnace is converted to SO2 (g) Of the ash in the coal 30% emerges in the solid residue and the balance is emitted with the stack gases as fly ash. The stack gas and solid residue emerge from the furnace at 600�F. The higher heating value of the coal is 18,000 Btu/lbm. (a) Calculate the mass flow rates of all components in the stack gas and the volumetric flow rate of this gas. (Ignore the contribution of the fly ash in the latter calculation, and assume that the stack gas contains a negligible amount of CO.) (b) Assume that the heat capacity of the solid furnace residue is 0.22 Btu/(lbm F), that of the stack gas is the heat capacity per unit mass of nitrogen, and 35% of the heat generated in the furnace is used to produce electricity. At what rate in MW is electricity produced?

In a chemical reaction, exactly 2 mol of substance A react to produce exactly 3 mol of substance B.

2A->3B

How many molecules of substance B are produced when 29.7g of substance A reacts? The molar mass of substance A is 28.8 g/mol.

Step 1: Convert the mass of A to moles.

Step 2: Convert the number of moles of A to the number of moles of B.

Step 3: Convert the number of moles of B to molecules of B.

Q14. A student carries a reaction that becomes more and more acidic as it proceeds due to the formation of H3O+. The latter is detrimental to her reaction as it lowers the pH. She, therefore, chooses to run the reaction in a solution that will prevent this. Which of the following should she pick?

A. A mixture of 0.5 M NaOH and 0.5 M HCl

B. A mixture of 0.5 M HCl and 0.5 M NaCl

C. A mixture of 0.5 M H2CO3 and 0.5 M NH4Cl

D. A mixture of 0.5 M H2CO3 and 0.5 M NaHCO3

E. None of the above

The correct answer is D, I just want to know the reason why. Thumb up guaranteed if the explanation is adequate.

Acidic solution

In acidic solution, the sulfate ion can be used to react with a number of metal ions. One such reaction is

SO42−(aq)+Sn2+(aq)→H2SO3(aq)+Sn4+(aq)SO42−(aq)+Sn2+(aq)→H2SO3(aq)+Sn4+(aq)

Since this reaction takes place in acidic solution, H2O(l)H2O(l) and H+(aq)H+(aq) will be involved in the reaction. Places for these species are indicated by the blanks in the following restatement of the equation:

SO42−(aq)+Sn2+(aq)+     –––→H2SO3(aq)+Sn4+(aq)+     –––

Question A

What are the coefficients of the reactants and products in the balanced equation above? Remember to include H2O(l)H2O(l) and H+(aq)H+(aq) in the appropriate blanks. Your answer should have six terms.

Enter the equation coefficients in order separated by commas (e.g., 2,2,1,4,4,3). Include coefficients of 1, as required, for grading purposes.

B part

Potassium permanganate, KMnO4KMnO4, is a powerful oxidizing agent. The products of a given redox reaction with the permanganate ion depend on the reaction conditions used. In basic solution, the following equation represents the reaction of this ion with a solution containing sodium fluoride:

MnO4−(aq)+F−(aq)→MnO2(s)+F2(aq)MnO4−(aq)+F−(aq)→MnO2(s)+F2(aq)

Since this reaction takes place in basic solution, H2O(l)H2O(l) and OH−(aq)OH−(aq) will be shown in the reaction. Places for these species are indicated by the blanks in the following restatement of the equation:

MnO4−(aq)+F−(aq)+     –––→MnO2(s)+F2(aq)+     –––

question 2

What are the coefficients of the reactants and products in the balanced equation above? Remember to include H2O(l)H2O(l) and OH−(aq)OH−(aq) in the blanks where appropriate. Your answer should have six terms.

Enter the equation coefficients in order separated by commas (e.g., 2,2,1,4,4,3). Include coefficients of 1, as required, for grading purposes.

Assuming a planar surface, calculate how long it will take to dissolve 1 mm thick layer from the mineral. The dissolution rate is a zeroth-order reaction

Must Show all work

3. A key step in the production of sulfuric acid is the oxidation of SO2(g) to SO3(g):

2SO2(g) + O2(g) ----------> 2SO3(g)

At 298K, G= -141.6kJ; H=-198.4kJ; and S=-187.9J/K

a) Us the date to decide if this reaction is spontaneous at 25deg Cand predict how G will change with increasing T.

b) Assuming DH and DS are constant with increasing T, is the reaction spontaneous at 900deg C?

c) If the reaction reaches the equilibrium , calculate the temp.

Water, sodium hydroxide, and 1,6-hexanediamine are all potential nucleophiles. Yet only 1,6-hexanediamine reacts with the adipoyl chloride. Offer an explanation as to why.

A) A mixture of hydrogen and methane gases, in a 5.00 L flask at 73 °C, contains 0.381 grams of hydrogen and 2.42 grams of methane. The partial pressure of methane in the flask is _____ atm and the total pressure in the flask is ____ atm.

B) A mixture of carbon dioxide and nitrogen gases is maintained in a 9.24 L flask at a pressure of 3.39 atm and a temperature of 66 °C. If the gas mixture contains 23.1 grams of carbon dioxide, the number of grams of nitrogen in the mixture is ____ g.

C) The stopcock connecting a 1.07 L bulb containing neon gas at a pressure of 4.94 atm, and a 5.84 L bulb containing hydrogen gas at a pressure of 4.26atm, is opened and the gases are allowed to mix. Assuming that the temperature remains constant, the final pressure in the system is ____ atm.

500ml of each of 0.200 M NaF and 0.050 M CaCl2 are mixed. Calculate the concentration of Ca^2+ remaining in solution after the precipitation of CaF2 is complete.

Ksp of CaF2 = 3.4x10^-11

A)0.05M

B)0.025M

C)3.4x10^-9M

D)1.7x10^-10M

E)1.4x10^-8M

A groundwater contains 1.2 mg/L of iron as Fe3+.

At what pH will all but 0.002 mg/L of Fe3+ precipitate, if the solid formed is ferric hydroxide?