29. How propyl amine can be synthesized by Gabriel Synthesis? Write the mechanism of the reaction.

30. How reductive amination methodology can be applied for the synthesis of the potent CNS drug “Amphetamine”?

31. Write note on “Sandmeyer reaction”. Write down the mechanism of formation of p-Bromotoluene from pMethylaniline.

Al₂(CO₃)₃ (s) è Al₂O₃ (s) + 3 CO₂ (g)           ∆H = +579 kJ            

a. What kind of chemical reaction is taking place? Is it endo- or exothermic? Explain how you know both answers.

b. Predict the change in enthalpy for each of the following reactions:

          1. 5 Al₂(CO₃)₃ (s) è 5 Al₂O₃ (s) + 15 CO₂ (g)           ∆H = ??

          2. 3 Al₂O₃ (s) + 9 CO₂ (g) è 3 Al₂(CO₃)₃ (s)             ∆H = ??

          3. Write the balanced thermochemical equation that will have ∆H = -2316 kJ

c. How much heat is required to react 5.00 grams of the aluminum carbonate?

d. If 5250 kJ of heat is added to aluminum carbonate, how many grams of aluminum oxide will be produced?

e. Using the enthalpies of formation found in the appendix of your textbook and the thermochemical equation above, calculate the enthalpy of formation of solid aluminum carbonate

Propane gas is used as a propellant in aerosol cans.

a. Suppose a 455 mL container contains propane gas at a pressure of 1.75 atm at 25.0 ^oC. How many grams of propane are in the container?

b. If the can in part a is cooled to 5.0 ^oC and an additional 10.0 grams of propane is added to the can, what is the pressure of the propane gas? How does this pressure compare to the original pressure in part a? Whose law(s) explains this change and use the postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory to explain the change.

c. If all the propane in the original can (as described in part a) were transferred to a balloon at STP, what volume would the propane occupy? How does this compare the original conditions in part a? Explain in terms of Kinetic Molecular Theory and gas laws.

d. The can in part a says that it can handle a pressure of 5.00 atm without bursting. What is the maximum mass of propane the can is able to hold before bursting? Whose law describes the relationship and explain the change using Kinetic Molecular Theory.

e. The can in part a says that it can handle a pressure of 5.00 atm. What is the maximum temperature to which the propane can be heated to without bursting.

a) The complete combustion of 10.0 g of solid naphthalene requires what volume of oxygen gas at 20.0 ^oC and 1.00 atm? How much heat energy will be transferred in this trial? Specify direction of heat transfer in your answer.

b) If the water vapor and carbon dioxide gas produced in the trial described in part d. is collected in a 20.0 L container at 427 ^oC and this container can only withstand a maximum of 5.00 atm of pressure, will the container stay intact or explode

C₁₀H₈ (s) + O₂ (g)   è CO₂ (g) + H₂O (g)    

In terms of entropy and the real world, what is the end result of a spontaneous process?

Part A

A 50.0-mL volume of 0.15 M HBr is titrated with 0.25 M KOH. Calculate the pH after the addition of 18.0 mL of KOH.

Part B

A 75.0-mL volume of 0.200 M NH3 (Kb=1.8×10−5) is titrated with 0.500 M HNO3. Calculate the pH after the addition of 13.0 mL of HNO3.

Part A

A 52.0-mL volume of 0.35 M CH3COOH (Ka=1.8×10−5) is titrated with 0.40 M NaOH. Calculate the pH after the addition of 25.0 mL of NaOH.

Define an acid, base, and salt as they apply to chemistry and State three examples each of acids, bases, and salts commonly used in therapeutic processes.

From the examples you state, select one acid, one base, and one salt and describe specifically how and where they are used in therapeutic processes

research on buffered aspirin. On the basis of your research, respond to the following: Define a buffer and explain how a buffer works. Analyze and explain the buffer system in buffered aspirin (carboxylic acid).

What is the change in enthalpy (in kJ) under standard conditions when 233.71 g of sodium sulfate dissolves in water?

How do alpha-helices create different surfaces (such as a hydrophobic side)?

Problem 1: For the reaction 2CH₃OH_(l) + 3O_2(g) = 2CO₂ + 4H₂O_(l) I calculated that the change in molar entropy of the system is 313.7 Joules/(moles*kelvin). The question then asked what is the entropy change of the system when 2.35 moles of O₂ react. I multiplied 313.7 Joules/(moles*kelvin) by 2.35 moles of O₂ and also divided by 3 moles of O₂ because of the "3" coefficient, and got 246 Joules/kelvin and I just want to make sure that last part was correct. Specifically, was I correct to both multiply by 2.35 and divide by 3.

Problem 2: Very similar problem. For the reaction H_2(g) + F_2(g) = 2HF_(g) I calculated that the change in molar entropy of the surroundings is 1,819 Joules/(moles*kelvin). The question then asked to calculate the entropy change of the surroundings when 2.15 moles of H_2(g) react, so I multiplied 1,819 Joules/(moles*kelvin) by 2.15 moles of H_2(g) and then divided by 1 moles of H_2(g) since the coefficient is "1" and got 3,911 Joules/kelvin, and I just want to make sure this last part is correct. Specifically, was I correct to multiply by 2.15 and then divide by 1

Hydrazine, NH2NH2, is a weak base. The following is the equilibrium equation for its reaction with water:

NH2NH2(aq) + H2O(l) <----------> NH2NH3+(aq) + OH-(aq)     Kb = 8.5 x 10-7

What is the hydronium ion concentration, [H3O+], in a 2.03 M NH2NH2 solution?

When a strong acid is neutralized by a weak base is the neutralization complete? Write the neutralization reaction for HClO4 and NH3. What is the value of Kn (equilibrium constant for neutralization)? (Kb(NH3)=1.810‒5) If stoichiometric amounts of acid and base are reacted will the resulting solution be acidic, basic or neutral?

When running chromatography, one way to improve resolution and decrease peak width is by dropping the flow rate.

a. Which variable in the van demter equation does this influence and how? (please explain and use descriptive names not just letter variable in the equation).

b. when is this not an advantage? (please explain).