Vanillin Reduction with Sodium Borohydride to form Vanillyl Alcohol

Started with 2.517g vanillin and 5.0mL NaBH₄

Crude Product= 7.568g

Recrystallized Product= 2.297g

a) Calculate the %yield for both the crude and "fully" synthesized product

b) Explain why this is likely not 100%. How could this be improved

c) Draw mechanism

A 2.550

The elimination experiment performed this week proceeds via E2 mechanism according to the textbook. As you have learned in lecture, there is stereoselctivity as well as regioselctivity associated with the E2 mechanism. What do you expect the products of reaction to be? Which is the major product and which is the minor product? Explain your answer from both setereoselctivity and regioselectivity aspects.

For the following reaction, 15.1 grams of nitrogen monoxide are allowed to react with 5.41 grams of oxygen gas .

nitrogen monoxide(g) + oxygen(g) nitrogen dioxide(g)

What is the maximum mass of nitrogen dioxide that can be formed? ( grams )

What is the FORMULA for the limiting reagent?  

What mass of the excess reagent remains after the reaction is complete? (grams)

1- a. If ΔHsolution is slightly endothermic, a solution might form. Explain why
b. If ΔHsolution is highly endothermic, a solution can never form. Explain why.
c. If ΔHsolution is exothermic, a solution will always form. Explain why.

Explain how an organic solvent like hexane could inhibit enzyme action. . Explain how addition of base could inhibit enzyme action.

Consider the following reaction:

2A+3B→3C+2D

Use the following data to determine the rate of reaction in terms of the disappearance of reactant A at time = 20 s.

Part B::Consider the following reaction:

2A+3B→3C+2D

Use the following data to determine the rate of reaction in terms of the appearance of product C when the time is 20 s.

Part C:
Consider the following reaction:

A+B→C+D

The initial concentrations of the reactants A and B are 0.280 M and 0.200 M, respectively.

The rate of reaction is 0.060 M⋅s−1, and the orders of the reaction, with respect to reactants A and B, are 1 and 2, respectively.

Determine the rate constant (k) for the reaction using the rate law.

You need to prepare an acetate buffer of pH 5.33 from a 0.631 M acetic acid solution and a 2.20 M KOH solution. If you have 480 mL of the acetic acid solution, how many milliliters of the KOH solution do you need to add to make a buffer of pH 5.33 ? The p K a of acetic acid is 4.76.

500.0mL of 0.120M NaOH is added to 535mL of 0.250M weak acid (Ka= 5.88*10^-5) What is the pH of the resulting buffer?

1) Consider the equilibrium reaction

N₂(g) + 3 H₂(g) ↔ 2 NH₃(g) + 91.8 kJ

Using Le Chatelier’s Principle, Name two specific ways this equilibrium can be shifted to the right to increase production of NH3.

2) In the reaction below,

NH₃(g) + H₂O(l) ↔ NH₂ - + H₃O +

The equilibrium constant is 1 x 10 ^-34. Is this reaction likely to take place? Explain your answer.

1.   If a reactant is added to a reaction at equilibrium, which way will the reaction shift to re-establish equilibrium (use forward or backward)? Why?

2.   If a reaction is endothermic, is heat a reactant or a product?

3.   For an endothermic reaction, if heat is added, which way will the reaction shift to re-establish equilibrium (use forward or backward)? Explain your reasoning.

4.   A reaction has initial concentration of 0.330 M Fe3+ and 0.210 M SCN- At equilibrium, the concentration of FeSCN2+ is 0.150 M.
A) What is the concentration of the Fe3+ at equilibrium?
B) What is the concentration of the SCN- at equilibrium?

5.   For the equilibrium in question 4, what is the value of the equilibrium constant?

Please enter the values you calculated for the concentrations of Tartrazine and Allura Red in the mixture. (Use 3 significant figures.)

Slope of TZ at 430 nm= y=0.0218x

Slope of AR at 430 nm= y=0.0137x

Slope of TZ at 480 nm= y=0.0068x

Slope of AR at 480 nm= y=0.0347x

Absorbance of the unknown mixture at 430 nm = 0.622

Absorbance of the unknown mixture at 480 nm = 0.325

Undiluted molarity of TZ = 42.1

Undiluted molarity of AR = 21.2

Solution Investigation Question: What are some of the key characteristics of unknown sample of an aqueous solution containing an ionic compound?

Specific questions: 1. Given that the cation is from Group 1A, what is the identity of the group 1A metal ion in your solution?

2. Given that the ionic compound contains either chloride or hydroxide, how can you determine which? (Two pieces of evidence are required and one must be related to solubility rules)

3. What is the concentration of your solution? (Your unknown sample is known to be about 1 M, but you need to determine the concentration to 3 significant figures using titration. You should plan ahead so that you know approximately what volume of your sample you will need in order to use approximately 25 mL of 0.100 M sulfuric acid for the titration).

Calculate: grams of CO2 generated by a car for every kilometer I drive usings the quantiy of CO2 produced in part above (answer: 3088.2 g CO2) and kilometer distance traveled in part above (answer: 30.180 km/kg).

I'm having trouble converting CO2 generated to grams/km driven.