In: Economics
16. Total profit for a firm is calculated as
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 a.  | 
 (price minus average cost) times quantity of output.  | 
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 b.  | 
 total revenue minus total cost.  | 
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 c.  | 
 Both a and b.  | 
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 d.  | 
 None of the above.  | 
17. In the short run, if the price is less than average variable cost, a firm operating in a competitive market will
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 a.  | 
 shutdown.  | 
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 b.  | 
 exit.  | 
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 c.  | 
 increase the price.  | 
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 d.  | 
 increase the quantity.  | 
18. When a restaurant stays open for lunch service even though few customers patronize the restaurant for lunch, which of the following principles is (are) best demonstrated?
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 (i)  | 
 Fixed costs are sunk in the short run.  | 
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 (ii)  | 
 In the short run, only variable costs are important to the decision to stay open for lunch.  | 
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 (iii)  | 
 If revenue exceeds variable cost, the restaurant owner is making a smart decision to remain open for lunch.  | 
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 a.  | 
 (i) and (ii) only  | 
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 b.  | 
 (ii) and (iii) only  | 
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 c.  | 
 (i) and (iii) only  | 
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 d.  | 
 (i), (ii), and (iii)  | 
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19. In the long run, a firm will enter a competitive industry if
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 a.  | 
 total revenue exceeds total cost.  | 
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 b.  | 
 the price exceeds average variable cost.  | 
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 c.  | 
 the firm can earn accounting profits.  | 
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 d.  | 
 All of the above are correct.  | 
20. Which of the following statements is not correct?
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 a.  | 
 Both a competitive firm and a monopolist maximize profits at an output where marginal cost equals marginal revenue.  | 
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 b.  | 
 Both a competitive firm and a monopolist use discriminatory pricing.  | 
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 c.  | 
 A competitive firm is a price taker.  | 
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 d.  | 
 A monopolist is a price maker.  | 
16. Option b
Profit is the measurement of difference between total revenue and
total cost
17. Option a
If the price is less than average variable cost, it would not be
able to cover the variable expenses
18. Option d
As fixed costs are not recoverable in short run and if variable
costs are recovered in short run, it would be better to operate the
business
19. Option d
Because of positive profit, many new firms would enter the
market
20. Option b
Monopolist would involve in discriminatory pricing