Question

what are the risk factors of hypertension

Answer 1

ANSWER: Hypertension :

Hypertension - or elevated blood pressure - is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risks of heart, brain, kidney and other diseases. Hypertension is diagnosed if, when it is measured on two different days, the systolic blood pressure readings on both days is ≥140 mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure readings on both days is ≥90 mmHg.

RISK FACTORS ARE:

NON MODIFIABLE FACTORS ARE:

• Family history If your parents or other close blood relatives have high blood pressure, there’s an increased chance that you’ll get it, too.
• Age The older you are, the more likely you are to get high blood pressure. As we age, our blood vessels gradually lose some of their elastic quality, which can contribute to increased blood pressure.
• Gender Until age 64, men are more likely to get high blood pressure than women are. At 65 and older, women are more likely to get high blood pressure.
• Race African-Americans tend to develop high blood pressure more often than people of any other racial background in the United States.
• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) HBP may occur as a result of kidney disease. And, having HBP may also may also cause further kidney damage.

MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS:

• Lack of physical activity: Not getting enough physical activity as part of your lifestyle increases your risk of getting high blood pressure.
• Being overweight or obese: Carrying too much weight puts an extra strain on your heart and circulatory system that can cause serious health problems.
• An unhealthy diet, especially one high in sodium: A diet that is too high in salt consumption, as well as calories, saturated and trans fat and sugar, carries an additional risk of high blood pressure.
• High cholesterol: More than half of people with HBP also have high cholesterol
• Stress: too much stress may contribute to increased blood pressure. Also, too much stress can encourage behaviors that increase blood pressure, such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and using tobacco or drinking alcohol more than usual.
• Socioeconomic status and psychosocial stress can affect access to basic living necessities, medication, healthcare providers, and the ability to adopt healthy lifestyle changes.
• Smoking and tobacco use: Using tobacco can cause your blood pressure to temporarily increase and can contribute to damaged arteries. Secondhand smoke, exposure to other people’s smoke, also increases the risk of heart disease for nonsmokers.
• Diabetes: Most people with diabetes also develop HBP.
• Drinking too much alcohol: Regular, heavy use of alcohol can cause many health problems, including heart failure, stroke and an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia).

• Too little potassium in your diet Potassium helps balance the amount of sodium in your cells. Potassium causes the smooth muscle cells in your arteries to relax, which lowers blood pressure.

• Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Ibuprofen) can cause marked worsening of existing hypertension or development of new high blood pressure. It can also cause damage to the kidneys, worsening of heart failure, and even heart attack or stroke.

COMPLICATIONS OF HYPERTENSION:

• Heart attack or stroke
• Aneurysm.
• Heart failure
• Weakened and narrowed blood vessels in your kidneys
• Thickened, narrowed or torn blood vessels in the eyes.
• Metabolic syndrome. This syndrome is a cluster of disorders of your body's metabolism, including increased waist circumference; high triglycerides; low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol