Question

1. what is problem recognition and give an example to explain its role in agenda setting.

2. Describe 2 reasons a state will be more “receptive” to action on environmental issues?

3. What happens to policies during policy formulation/legitimation?

4. Determine and explain 2 reasons that the 1970s produced the largest number of new environmental laws in US history.

5. How does party polarization make it more difficult to pass new environmental in Congress today?

Answer 1

1. Problem recognition results when a consumer recognizes a substantial difference between what is perceived as the actual product and the product he/she wants to purchase, which directly impacts the decision making of the customer in the buying process. Before you start solving a problem, make sure it is well delimited. Now, I will explain about role of agenda setting. It is backed by the legal system and the bureaucracy; There are adequate organizational structures in public administration; advocacy coalitions exist. These are the three system : - Public, Policy makers & media. Connected by a dense network of bonds, the three subsystems may respond to the slightest movement in the network.

2. Environmental issues are harmful effects of human activity on the biophysical environment. Environmental protection is a practice of protecting the natural environment on individual, organizational or governmental levels, for the benefit of both the environment of humans. example - climate disasters are on the rise. Around 70% of disasters are now climate related - up from around 50 % from two decades ago. And destructive sudden heavy rains, intense tropical storms, repeated flooding and droughts are likely to increase, as will the vulnerability of local communities in the absence of strong concerted action.

3. Policy Formulation :- Debate over alternative policy choices, Importance of policy analysis, Actors provide their prefered positions, Who's involved bureaucracy, EOP, legislature/staff, interest groups. Policy Legitimation :- Appropriateness of government action, Important for garnering support, Deals two major issues - substance of the policy , process of adopting the policy.

4. 1970s the environmental movement focused its attention on pollution and successfully pressured congress to pass measures to promote cleaner air and water.

5. Party polarization is higher, which makes partisan compromises even more difficult. Dividing party control of policymaking dramatically This new and hyper-polarized media environment makes it more difficult for politicians to buck their party line and work across the aisle.