Question

1 a)Define food security and discuss THREE (3) dimensions that characterize food
security.

   b) Food self-sufficiency is defined as the extent to which a country is able to satisfy its
food needs from its own domestic production. List and explain FOUR (4) factors that
pose challenges to Small Island Developing States achieving food self-sufficiency.

Answer 1

ANS1.)

Introduction:

In a wider sense, food security is provided with universal access to adequate, safe, and nutritious food for physical, social and economic purposes to fulfil their nutritional needs and food preferences for an active and balanced life.

Although the Pradhan Mantri Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana government has announced several steps, it is important to

acknowledge in a holistic way the diverse dimensions of food security to address this problem as a whole.Food security means availability, accessibility and affordability of food to all people at all times.

•Various Dimensions of Food Security:

1)Food availability: the independence of food processing

is a key element of sustainable food availability.Today India is selfsustaining in food production with the great achievement of Indian farmers and policymakers due to the Green Revolution.

2)Access to food: depends primarily on the consumer's buying power. The Government, however, ensures the food needs of society's poor by means of the National Food Security Act (NFSA) and the PDS.The consumption or use of food in the body depends on sanitary, potable and other socioeconomic household aspects as defined by knowledge and customs.

3)Stability: The temporal dimension of food and nutrition security is also very important, apart from the aforementioned dimensions of food security.It ensures that the food, income and financial services are provided throughout the year for households.

ANS2)

Self-sufficiency in food production is a primary feature of sustainable food supply.India today has become self-sufficient in food production due to the great achievement of Indian farmers and policymakers in the Green Revolution.It has turned a situation in which India had to rely in accordance with P. 480 (PL480) on the United States for food provision into an undertaking on the right to food.

•These are the challenges:

1)Low population and land wealth;

2)vulnerable natural environments and lack of arable soil;

3)high climate change vulnerability;

4)external economic shocks and natural disasters;

5)high food import dependence;

6)reliance on low economic sectors;

7) and isolation from the world market.

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