Question

1. What is codon? (1pt)

     2. What is an anti-codon? (1pt)

    

     3. What tRNA bases can be attached to the mRNA codon, UGC? (1pt)

    

     4. Where do the amino acids in the cytoplasm of a cell come from? (1pt)

E. Complete the mRNA strand by providing the proper nitrogen bases: (1pt)

DNA strand	TAC	GGG	TCC	ACA	AAA	ATA
mRNA strand	AUG

    

                                                                 

F. Complete the anti-codons for the tRNAs: (1pt)

Amino acids	1	2	3	4	5	6
tRNA	GUA
mRNA strand	CAU	GUA	AAU	UGA	GGG	CUU

Answer 1

1. Set of three nitrogen bases in mRNA is called codon. It is read from 5’ to 3’ direction. During translation of protein synthesis amino acids in tRNA combine to form protein. These tRNA has three nitrogen bases attached to it. These nitrogen bases are complementary to the codon of mRNA.
2. The three nitrogen bases attached to tRNA is called anticodon. These are complementary to the codon in mRNA and help to determine which amino acid is coded in the mRNA.
3. Bases in tRNA are complementary to bases in mRNA. So the bases in tRNA that can attach to UGC is ACG.

Complement pairs

Thymine (Uracil) and Adenine

Guanine and Cytosine

1. Protein synthesis happens in ribosome which is found in the cytoplasm of a cell. In ribosome, polypeptide is synthesized which is transported to the cytoplasm to convert it into a functional protein. Amino acid required for this process is taken from the cytoplasm. The essential amino acids are from food through digestion and the non-essential amino acids are made by enzymes in the cytoplasm. Some amino acids are also derived from the degrading protein.

E)

Complement pairs

Thymine (Uracil) and Adenine

Guanine and Cytosine

In RNA Uracil is found instead of Thymine.

DNA strand	TAC	GGG	TCC	ACA	AAA	ATA
mRNA strand	AUG	CCC	AGG	UGU	UUU	UAU

F)

Amino acids	1	2	3	4	5	6
tRNA	GUA	CAU	UUA	ACU	CCC	GAA
mRNA strand	CAU	GUA	AAU	UGA	GGG	CUU